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ArticleCharacteristics of growth and heartwood formation in planted teak in South China
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Dominant trees in 31 and 32 years old teak plantation were selected for trunk analysis to study the growth process and heartwood formation characteristics by scanning the disk with scanner and measuring the data with software. The results showed that tree height at the early growth stage (1 to 8 years) was more than that of the DBH (1 to 4 years) for 4 years. The middle growth stage of DBH (5 to 18 years) (stable growth stage) was longer than that of tree height (9 to 13 years) for 9 years. The average growth curve of the volume was not intersected with annual growth curve, which indicated that 31 years old teak plantation had not reached maturity age. The total number of annual rings and the number of heartwood rings were decreased with the increase of tree height, while the number of sapwood rings at different heights changed little. The number of sapwood rings below 16 m of trunk varied about 8 rings, and began to decrease gradually over 16 m. The diameters of xylem, heartwood and sapwood at different heights showed the same trend as the ring, the sapwood width below 22 m was stable, and decreased gradually above 22 m. Affected by taperingness, the heartwood area was larger than sapwood below 10 m, but smaller above 10m. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of heartwood rings with xylem age, diameter of heartwood and xylem diameter (p < 0.01). The growth of dominant tree DBH and tree height in teak plantation began to decline at 18 and 13 years respectively, the current growth and predicted maximum growth were still far lower than cultivation target (DBH ≥ 60cm). The heartwood formation of teak was positively correlated with the diameter growth. It is necessary to breed and utilize teak varieties with small taper and thinning should be done from 13 years for reserved dominant trees. Keywords: Tectona grandis L. f.; dominant tree; stem analysis; growth process; heartwood; sapwood ID: 3619031 -
ArticleAssessment of enrichment planting of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) in degraded dry deciduous dipterocarp forest in the Central Highlands, Viet Nam
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.After years of unsustainable logging, dry deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDDF) has become poor in timber stocks and has been converted to industrial crops such as rubber. The objectives of this study were to assess teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) tree establishment under degraded DDDF conditions and to determine factors that influence the suitability of teak as a forest enrichment tree species. A set of 64 experimental plots of 4900 m2 each was set up and observed for 4–5 years for testing enrichment planting with teak under various combinations of two groups of factors: ecological conditions and forest status. Weighted, non-linear, multivariate regression models were used to detect key factors that influenced the suitability of teak. The results showed that at the age of 4 years the average dominant tree height (defined as 20% of the tallest trees in the experimental plot) reached 11.2, 7.8, 5.3 and 3.8 m for very good, good, average, and poor suitability levels, respectively. Survival rates of planted teak from average to very good suitability levels were over 90%. Six key factors that affected the suitability of teak were waterlogging during the rainy season, altitude, stand volume of the degraded DDDF, soil type, percentage of sand and concentration of P2O5 in the soil. Under the extreme ecological and environmental conditions of the DDDF, enrichment planting with teak gave promising results. Keywords: degraded dipterocarp status, dipterocarp enrichment, teak suitability assessment. ID: 3472951 -
DocumentSustainable tree improvement scheme leading to economical carbon cycling in teak
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The sustainability and efficiency of timber plantations need to be enhanced to meet the global demand for industrial roundwood which is forecasted to increase by 60% by 2030. Tectona grandis (teak) is one of the premier timber species with a lot of promise for short rotation. We demonstrate a potential pipeline to establish a smart plantation for teak using genetically improved propagules, tissue culture, and seed orchards. The primary step in establishing a smart plantation is the production of quality propagules after evaluating the genetic make-up of the parent trees. With the availability of whole-genome sequence and genetic marker information in teak, long-term genetic gain of propagules can be attained through the best use of genetic variance. This objective can be achieved by following an optimal mating scheme such as genomic mating, and selection based on the breeding value of individuals as well as that of groups. Through genomic selection and mating, favorable alleles can be retained in the population to maximize genetic merit and sustain it for multiple generations. This pipeline is also expected to save a lot of time in years while facilitating the establishment of elite plants in the plantation. Through tissue culture, the only route to commercialize teak clones, the genetically improved clones can be distributed for plantation establishment. Multi-trait improvement with the aim of producing trees with more volume, short-rotation, and tolerance to pests and pathogens are considered for genomic selection and mating. With appropriate silvicultural management, the smart plantations established can facilitate carbon cycling in a better and sustainable way. Keywords: Genetic resources, Innovation, Sustainable forest management, Research ID: 3614687
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