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DocumentA preliminary study on ecological features of two natural enemies against two vectors of pine wilt disease for mass rearing in Korea
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Two species of the genus Monochamus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), M. alternatus and M. saltuarius are well-known as vectors of the pine wilt disease and they causes economically damages in South Korea. Among various control methods to reduce the density of vectors, a method by biological control agents (natural enemies) is eco-friendly indispensable. Since 2017, we have carried out the studies on the parasitic natural enemies againt for the vector species and found two parasitoids, Spathius verustus Chao, 1977 (Braconidae) and Cyanopterus flavator (Fabricius, 1793) (Bracondiae), would be a useful agents for biological controls. For accumulation of biological data, we conducted a preliminary study on life span and parasitic rate of two parasitic wasps against for two vector species. As results, we found that S. verustus has the longest adult life span of 33.4±19.2 days (avg.) in M. alternatus (T=30°C, H=60%) and C. flavator has the longest adult life span of 25.1±10.6 days (avg.) in M. alternatus (T=25°C, H=60%). The average parasitic rate (62.5%) of S. verustus was highest in M. alternatus (T=30°C, H=60%). In addition, it is confirmed that the offsprings of S. verustus can be made by parthenogenetic reproducton. Keywords: Research ID: 3622037 -
DocumentReview of sustainable Korea’s oak tree resource management model for cultivation of oak mushroom
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Oak mushroom is one of the most popular edible mushrooms in Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan. It has been grown by log cultivation method using oak tree species in Korea since the 1950s. However, the decades of reckless deforestation of oak trees for oak mushroom grow has recently led to the need for protection in Korea's forests to prevent oak resource depletion. As of 2019, there were 3,764 log cultivation farms in Korea and the total amount of oak mushroom log was 39 million. Average cultivation period is 3 years and 12 million oak logs are needed every year. According to a survey of shiitake growers, 87.3% of the respondents said that the most preferred species were Sawtooth oak(Quercus acutissima Carruth), and the most preferred diameter was 16 to 20cm, with 43%. The distribution status of oak trees across the country was found to be 1.44 million hectares with growing stock of 160 million m3, and the preferred Sawtooth oak was 91,370 hectares with growing stock of 10 million m3. When oak trees which are between 20 and 30cm in diameter at breast height are cut, they are the most effective use of resources, the available quantity for log cultivation was 8 to 11. However, if the diameter at breast height exceeds 30cm, the available quantity decreases. The number of Sawtooth oak trees that can be produced as logs for oak mushroom cultivation is 321 million, and the annual actual demand is 12 million, so the supply is sufficiently sustainable in the future. However, in the actual field, there are many restrictions on the use, such as the location accessibility, possibility of collecting felled trees, and possibility of using oak mushroom cultivation. It is expected to continuously produce Sawtooth oak logs for shiitake cultivation every 15 to 20 years due to its rapid growth compared to planted land, if the area where more thanv 1,200 oak trees are distributed per 1 hectares is harvested and then maintained through reproduction by sprout. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Agriculture, Deforestation and forest degradation, Food systems, Research ID: 3622504 -
DocumentA study on tree species and crops of agroforestry according to ecological geographic map in North Korea
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study was conducted to analyze the appropriate tree species and crops according to agroforestry target sites in North Korea based on ecological geography and site properties with the purpose of preparation of technical cooperation on agroforestry, one of the main agendas of the Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation Subcommittee. The agroforestry is one of the methods for forest restoration that satisfies both North Korea's fuel and food shortages and the restoration of deforested land and it began in 2003. To this end, the ecological geographic map (13 regions and 4 zones) of North Korea was made by using satellite images with North Korean journals. The target sites for agroforestry was classified according to 18 site conditions depending on 3 site characteristics (soil depth, relative location, slope), and divided as short-term and long-term target sites depend on agroforestry management period. And then, appropriate tree species and crops for agroforestry are selected according to them. By regions within the same zone, tree species and crops were mostly similar, but compared to each zone, they differed. This seems to be because the geographical climatic characteristics reflected in the ecological geographic map vary greatly from zone to zone. Through this, it is expected to provide information that can be more efficiently implemented through analysis of the target sites needed for application of agroforestry and needed for application of agroforestry management and the combination of suitable species and crops. Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation, Research, Policies ID: 3623065
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