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Hatchery production of trochus (trochus niloticus) in vanuatu

A review of the existing facilities and a manual of rearing techniques appropriate for a small-scale hatchery









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    The potential of farming tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Vanuatu 2004
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    Under the auspices of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Sub-Regional Office for the Pacific Islands (SAPA) in Samoa, a feasibility study on farming tilapia and prawns was undertaken by SPC Aquaculture Office in November 2003. The objectives were to survey the potential to develop Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming in Vanuatu (further details are given in the Terms of References in Appendix 2).
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    Manual on catfish hatchery and production. A guide for small to medium scale hatchery and farm producers in Nigeria 2006
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    The Aquaculture and Inland Fisheries Project, (AIFP) otherwise known as AnnexII of the Nigerian Special Programme for Food Security (NSPFS) was operational between 18 July 2003 and 30 June 2006 for 35 months. The AIFP’s objectives included compiling an inventory and data base of inland water bodies, fish farms and feed mills, providing technical assistance to private fish farmers and assisting artisanal fisherman in community-based management of inland waters. A good linkage was forged between p rivate fish hatcheries and the stocking of lakes for increased fish production. Efforts were also made towards reduction of post harvest loss of fish through improved fish smoking demonstrations. The project was successful in creating increased public awareness on aquaculture and fisheries bringing them to become national development priorities.
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    Hatchery-based seed production of the Japanese scallop, Mizuhopecten yessoensis 2022
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    This guide is intended as a standalone practical manual for the culture of the Japanese or Yesso scallop, Mizuhopecten yessoensis. It is written for hatchery staff as a reference for daily operating procedures and for developing a site-specific and resource-specific seed production strategy. To that end, the whole production cycle is addressed, from broodstock conditioning to transport of seed to the farm. It is the aquaculturist’s decision as to whether all stages are required to achieve the target production in a given site and hatchery facility. Standard and more recent emerging techniques are included where possible, for the equal benefit of low and high technological operations. The manual starts with a brief overview of the anatomy and morphology of the scallop and describes the main organs of the adult specimen and the stages of its life cycle; the anticipated development time between each stage throughout its culture is added for the aquaculturist’s benefit. This is followed by a chapter on the culture of live microalgae for food; different approaches to culturing large-scale microalgae are given, including traditional batch culture to the more recent newly designed photobioreactors. Protocols are given from stock to intermediate microalgal cultures for the inoculation of large-scale vessels. The integration of probiotic bacteria as an alternative to standard antimicrobial drugs is described in a separate chapter; this is a critical component of this manual as it is a current and important shift in sustaining optimal larval and spat performance. The need for biosecurity in a full cycle hatchery operation is emphasized and conceptually illustrated. The culture protocols for scallops start with the holding and conditioning of broodstock; assessments of the gametogenic stage, the manipulation of holding temperature to maintain and/or enhance gametogenesis and food requirements are all discussed to ensure the supply of broodstock for spawning when needed. Larval culture is one of the longest chapter of this manual and describes rearing in both static and flow-through systems with the expected growth and survival rate for the Japanese scallop. Post-larval culture in the nursery chapter is divided into early post-set up to Day-14, rearing of 1 mm spat and raising seed up to 5 mm or more in a land-based environment. The final chapter discusses different strategies affecting the time and size at which seed are transferred out of the nursery facility to either intermediate outdoor nurseries or to the farm sites.

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