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ArticleCommunity resilience to changes in forest public policies: The case of ejidos in northern Mexico
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The communal property regime in Mexico, in which land use and management rights were officially granted to campesinos, has faced many challenges throughout the nearly 100 years after its creation. Since then, a variety of public policies have been established to promote forest management. In the 1970s, the government created a forest management system based on concessions to private or parastatal companies that ignored the opinions of the communities and triggered environmental problems. Later, it initiated other programs, such as the payment for ecosystem services, to reduce deforestation and poverty. However, no empirical evidence of these policies has been studied. In this work, we analyzed the historical role in forest management of three ejidos in the state of Durango, including their organization, capacity building, and their relationship with forest cover changes. Two periods, ranging from the beginning of the concessions to current community forest management (1960‐2018), were compared. Based on Ostrom’s principles of collective action, the effectiveness of the ejidos in conserving their resources was analyzed. Semi‐structured interviews were used to estimate two indexes that associate the internal organization of the communities: Social Organization and Community Institutionality. The cartographic series of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography were also used to evaluate the changes in forest cover in the same period. Results show that the indexes have increased over time, suggesting that ejidos have improved their organization processes. In addition, there is a direct relationship between the forest land increase and both indices. The so‐called community forest management model is a feasible strategy that can contribute to the preservation of these ecosystems. The internal organization of the communities, including their institutional arrangements, is a key factor to search for the sustainable management of these common‐pool resources. Keywords: Collective Action, Common‐Pool Resources, Community Forest Management, Forestland ID: 3613102 Use Change, Social Organization -
ArticleThe change in forest productivity and stand-dynamics under climate change in East Asian temperate forests: A case study from South Korean forests
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The velocity and impact of climate change on forest appear to be site, environment, and tree species-specific.The primary objective of this research is to assess the changes in productivity of major temperate tree species in South Korea using terrestrial inventory and satellite remote sensing data. The area covered by each tree species was further categorized into either lowland forest (LLF) or high mountain forest (HMF) and investigated. We used the repeated Korean national forest inventory (NFI) data to calculate a stand-level annual increment (SAI). We then compared the SAI, a ground-based productivity measure, to MODIS net primary productivity (NPP) as a measure of productivity based on satellite imagery. In addition, the growth index of each increment core, which eliminated the effect of tree age on radial growth, was derived as an indicator of the variation of productivity by tree species over the past four decades. Based on these steps, we understand the species- and elevation-dependent dynamics. The secondary objective is to predict the forest dynamics under climate change using the Perfect Plasticity Approximation with Simple Biogeochemistry (PPA- SiBGC) model. The PPA-SiBGC is an analytically tractable model of forest dynamics, defined in terms of parameters for individual trees, including allometry, growth, and mortality. We estimated these parameters for the major species by using NFI and increment core data. We predicted forest dynamics using the following time-series metrics: Net ecosystem exchange, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, C, soil respiration, and relative abundance. We then focus on comparing the impact of climate change on LLF and HMF. The results of our study can be used to develop climate-smart forest management strategies to ensure that both LLF and HMF continue to be resilient and continue to provide a wide range of ecosystem services in the Eastern Asian region. Keywords: mountain forests, lowland forests, increment core, national forest inventory, MODIS NPP ID: 3486900 -
ArticleReducing deforestation and improving access of women to affordable fuel resource for cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa -Case study Sudan
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Firewood and charcoal are the main fuels used for cooking in Sub- Saharan Africa and for most women constitute a major item in the household budget. The increase in demand for woodfuels and the pattern of supply is adding to deforestation and impacting women in the region adversely. This paper investigates the problem at national level and by the geographical regions of Sudan according to the status of forest cover. A model is developed to assess the trend of the increasing demand for woodfuels and its impact on forest resource. Analysis of the associated socio- economic implications for women is conducted by assessing other household energy studies conducted at national and local levels. The model used for assessing the trends in demand revealed that with increasing population the level of demand for biomass sources in total at national levels is increasing under the current rate of uptake of gas as a fuel source. Policy measures should be introduced to increase the rate of penetration gas use. Analysis of information from other household studies showed that limited access of women to affordable energy sources for cooking has forced women to eat less cooked meals, or to resort to use other less efficient and more polluting biomass fuel. Scarcity in woodfuels is a result of the steady deforestation from the intensive use of land for agriculture and the commercial pattern of charcoal production. The process of deforestation is expected to accelerate, after the division of Sudan into two countries. It is recommended that more land is planted for forestry, community forestry is encouraged, and the resource is managed on a more sustainable basis. Studies cited show that increasing forest area for carbon projects would be more profitable if provision is made to include the woodfuels needs of communities to be met on a more sustainable basis. Keywords: Climate change, Deforestation and forest degradation, Gender, Sustainable forest management, Economic Development ID: 3486050
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