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Making moves from conflict to coexistence

XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022










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    Making moves from conflict to coexistence
    Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme
    2021
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    The Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme aims to reconcile the challenges of wildlife conservation with food security and rural socio-economic development. To meet this objective, an innovative behaviour change approach is being developed to address human–wildlife conflict (HWC) and create a more balanced coexistence between people and wild animals. This holistic SWM Programme approach is based on an HWC mitigation framework that: • takes into account the strong temporal and spatial dynamics of HWC in a landscape; • considers the needs and expectations of affected people as well as the wild species with which they share the habitat; • adopts a decision support system to select a suite of both short- and long-term intervention measures; and • provides guidance on practical solutions to avoid and minimize risk, while reducing and offsetting the cost of coexisting with wildlife. The SWM Programme is working in 15 countries, namely Botswana, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Gabon, Guyana, Madagascar, Mali, Namibia, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Sudan, Zambia and Zimbabwe. This approach is currently being tested in Gabon, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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    Why is there no global legally binding agreement on forests? A qualitative literature review to identify conflicts within the negotiations and the way forward for sustainable forest management
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    The enhancement of global forest management practices was long thought to be subject to a binding agreement, comparable to other United Nations Conventions. Unlike other environmental challenges of similar importance, the countries of the world did not come together to establish a legally binding forest convention. More than 25 years since the start of the initial negotiations at the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, four institutions and five non-binding agreements have been established to govern forests, none of which extends to similar lengths as the Framework Convention for Climate Change, Desertification, or Biodiversity. This paper investigates the conflicts present in the forest policy arena that have hindered the successful progression of a legally binding agreement. By conducting an extensive qualitative literature assessment of 51 peer-reviewed publications and building onto the policy arrangement approach by Arts, Leroy & Van Tatenhove (2006), the authors categorize and explain the conflicts present during and prevailing beyond the negotiations. The results are validated through expert interviews and observations from the 14th session of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF). The authors identified 13 critical conflicts across the dimensions of ideology, interests, institutionalism, and coalition dynamics. While some conflicts have changed or were resolved, many persist today and will prevent a successful conclusion of the process. A legally binding agreement in the originally proposed form as overarching institution seems unlikely to happen in the future. Yet, the momentum surrounding sustainable forest management is greater than ever before, and a changing political culture raises new hopes for significant progress in the implementation of sustainable forestry beyond a mere agreement. Institutions like the UN FAO and the UNFF will play a crucial role in advancing the global transition to sustainable management in the future. Keywords: Policies, Conflict, Deforestation and forest degradation, Sustainable forest management, Research ID: 3617722
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    Article
    Understanding natural resources-based conflict management on borderland: A systematic review
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    Conflicts over finite and shared natural resources continue to dominate headlines around the world. In particular, border regions have challenges in natural resource management. The regions include abundant natural resources, such as forests, energy, air, and rivers, typically associated with distance from the central authority. However, natural resource management becomes sensitive between each side of countries because of power differences or relationships. This study aims to identify characteristics of natural resources-based conflict management at the border areas based on this context. Through a systematic review methodology, natural resource management conflict cases at the border regions were collected from SCOPUS's academic database between 2001 and 2021. A total of 303 selected pieces of literature were analyzed with the categories, focusing on the published year, location levels, and types of natural resources. Moreover, this study utilizes the Earth system concepts which consist of Atmosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Anthroposphere to categorize the natural resources. The research results display the pathways and distribution of the selected studies. The overall academic studies were increased steadily. Among the natural resources, Hydrosphere, especially river and ocean contain the dominant subject and Forest, Animal has followed in the Biosphere. Furthermore, these studies were examined the case studies for the key findings to determine the conflicts, cooperation, and geographical characteristics in the borderlands. This research contributes to a better understanding of natural resources-based conflicts and suggests recommendations to design natural resource management strategies or models at border areas. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Governance, Landscape management, Policies, Partnerships ID: 3623073

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