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Monitoring and analysing food and agricultural policies in Africa – Synthesis report 2013







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    Food and agriculture policy decisions - Trends, emerging issues and policy alignments since the 2007/08 food security crisis 2013
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    The report reviews a broad range of food security and agricultural development policy decisions implemented over the period 2007 to 2012 in more than 70 countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. Selected policy decisions were analysed following FAPDA’s classification, dividing policy decisions into three main categories: producer-oriented policies, consumer-oriented policies, as well as trade-oriented and macroeconomic policies. Policy decisions reviewed included those most deb ated and most frequently implemented since the 2007/08 food price crisis. The report finds that the initial responses to the crisis tended to address immediate food security concerns with short-term, ad-hoc measures. Over the following years however, policy decisions reflected a more long-term and institutionalized approach. Governments are gradually moving from universal subsidies for food and fuel towards more targeted interventions to reach vulnerable and food insecure households. Moreo ver, a growing number of countries have shifted from short-term, ad-hoc cash or food-based interventions towards mainstreaming and institutionalizing social safety net programmes. The initial trade response was to ban or restrict exports and increase imports in efforts to achieve domestic food availability, measures which have since relaxed in support of producers. Also, Countries are increasingly establishing public food reserves to protect domestic supply in times of crisis. We also see a high degree of policy integration at the national level. However, protective trade policies at national levels have contradicted the efforts of regional food security and policy harmonization advocated by many regional economic communities.
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    Rwanda Food and Agriculture Policy Monitoring Review 2020
    Policy report
    2020
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    Rwanda’s agricultural sector accounts for about 29 percent of GDP and employs about 72 percent of the population that is economically active. It is still the dominant source of income for the majority of the poor who live in rural areas and is of significant importance in achieving the national priority objectives of sustainable economic growth, food security, and poverty alleviation. The report provides quantitative evidence on how the Government of Rwanda’s policies and expenditure decisions have supported its food and agriculture sector over the past decade. More, in particular, it provides information on the extent to which producers of key food (rice and wheat) and export crops (tea and coffee) are being supported – or penalized – by the policy. Also, it sheds light on the level and composition of public expenditures on food and agriculture, and how these have been changing over time. And finally, it assesses the coherence between the Government’s agricultural policies and its overall strategic priorities and provides insight into whether these are coherent. Conclusions and recommendations are believed to provide guidance for policy decision-making and reforming of policies that constrain productivity growth – the main engine for agriculture transformation and development.
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    Booklet
    Analysing beef price incentives to strengthen policies for production and exports in Uganda
    Technical note
    2023
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    In Uganda, 58 percent of households depend on livestock for their livelihoods, with cattle being the most important livestock subsector in the country. Despite natural pastures, water resources, and big demand in national and world markets, beef production in Uganda grew by only 1 percent in the last decade, and lags behind local demand. In the last decade, the government has adopted several policies within the framework of the National Development Plan, aimed at increasing domestic beef production and exports. This report assesses the effects of policy support on the beef sector in Uganda over the last four years (2017–2020), and also includes previous analysis on live cattle for the period 2005–2016. To measure price incentives, the study relies on renowned indicators; the nominal rate of protection, nominal rate of assistance and the market development gap. The results reveal that in the past (2011–2016) breeders were penalized by low prices, while recently they benefitted from prices above the international-equivalent, mainly due to restrictions on cattle movement due to a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak, which increased domestic prices. The persistent gaps between domestic and international prices can also be explained by the very limited price transmission and weak market integration of the beef value chain in Uganda. FMD is a critical issue to tackle to improve beef commercialization and competitiveness, together with the significant value chain inefficiencies, such as high transport costs and the presence of informal fees, that still hinder marketing and profitability of this sector.

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