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ArticleWell-designed road infrastructure to save forest and its biodiversity in Betung Kerihun national park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Betung Kerihun National Park supports a variety of unique and endangered fauna and flora, including orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), Bornean gibbon (Hylobates muelleri), sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), a huge diversity of bird species, especially hornbills (Buceros sp.), and various Dipterocarps. The park is directly adjacent to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary and Batang Ai National Park in Sarawak-Malaysia, where the Punan Havongan Dayak people reside in the forest and the Mountain Dayak sub-tribes of Punan Muller-Schwaner inhabit the upper ridges of the Kapuas River. In 2018, UNESCO designated the Betung Kerihun and Danau Sentarum as a World Biosphere Reserve. The communities in and around the Betung Kerihun area have limited access to outside the area, which has resulted in poor economic development. Currently, some areas within the park are included in the government’s agenda for the Trans-Kalimantan Highway development, which uses the concept of a parallel- border road. One 157 km road segment will be built in the Betung Kerihun area, stretching from Putussibau to Nanga Era to the East Kalimantan boundary. While this road construction will bring some positive benefits, the negative impacts may significantly affect the area’s unique biodiversity and local indigenous communities if they are not properly mitigated. This paper discusses the national park’s initiatives to design a road that prioritizes biodiversity conservation and minimizes impacts to ensure this development aligns with the recent Regulation from the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 23 of 2019 concerning strategic road development inside forest areas. The presence of parallel-border roads, if carried out in accordance with the proposed design, will facilitate socio-economic development among local communities as well as support sustainable regional development. Keywords: Betung Kerihun National Park, Trans-Kalimantan Highway, sustainable infrastructure, socioeconomic development, road construction, wildlife corridors. ID: 3486356 -
ArticleApplication of Assisted Natural Regeneration (ANR) to enhance forest biodiversity in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.West Kalimantan has a high diversity of biodiversity. In Betung Kerihun National Park, at least 1,216 flora species are identified, 75 species of them are endemic to Kalimantan. The area also has at least 48 mammal species, including orangutan and honey bear. Conserving this biodiversity is important to sustain the ecological function. The Assisted Natural Regeneration, introduced by the Forest Investment Program-1 with the objective to provide alternative methodology for conserving biodiversity, improve natural wilding growth, and support in sustainin genetic resources. Vegetation analyses were conducted in several transects representing different forest habitat in West Kalimantan. Both flora and fauna were recorded and analyze on their protection status, abundance, and diversity. A 2,000 Ha within the Danau Sentarum National park area was targeted for the ANR program. Flora/fauna plots were distributed at the peat forest in Pulau Majang Village. At the seedling stage, 5 species were identified. Dichilante borneensis dominated the seedling stage. At the tree stage, a species of Shorea balangaran dominates the strata with more than 1,000 individuals per Ha. Mother trees of Shorea balangaran and Gonystylus bancanus were also identified and marked for future seeds collection. During the forest patrol in the period of September 2020, seedlings were checked and any disturbance (grasses, climbers, tree falls) were removed. ANR focused on liberating seedlings and poles from these disturbances. Additionally, observation on fauna were conducted. Mammal species, reptile, and bird species were identified, in which all of them are protected (CITES I & II and according to the Indonesian regulation). Keywords: biodiversity, forest, regeneration, conservation, Kalimantan, Indonesia ID: 3488269 -
ArticleA participatory action research approach to community-based fire prevention and peatland restoration in Indonesia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Over the past several decades, vegetation fires have become regular events in Southeast Asia, Central Africa and Latin America. Indonesia’s vegetation and peat fires in 2015 and 2019 emitted significant greenhouse gas emissions and caused transboundary haze across Southeast Asian countries. Governments, NGOs and international donors have been campaigning for ‘zero and controlled burning’, however, the use of fire across the landscape still occurs. Using fire significantly reduces the cost and time of land preparation, yet it poses important negative environmental and climate externalities. A main challenge, therefore, is to introduce fire-free alternatives for land preparation. While corporations are well-equipped with knowledge and technology, communities require specialized support in learning, and provided with access to resources and technologies to implement alternatives for land preparation without burning. This paper explains the gradual change in behavior of selected communities in land preparation and farming practice on peatlands in Sumatra. We used participatory action research (PAR) approaches to transform behavior of the participating communities. PAR is a trans-disciplinary approach, where various scientific disciplines are combined with local knowledge and experience. With the community as co-researchers, the PAR steps of reflection-planning-action-monitoring were completed from 2018-2020. Communities identified, formulated, tested, and implemented peat-adapted business models in several locations (action arenas). Results show some degree of success in changing behaviour of the communities towards eco-friendly business and land management. We describe how upscaling and out-scaling of the methods and outcomes were conducted through communications and engagement with stakeholders at different levels, ranging from district, province, national and international. Keywords: Climate change, Human health and well-being, Adaptive and integrated management, Economic Development, Landscape management ID: 3486775
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