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DocumentOther documentWood transcriptome analysis of Pinus densiflora identifies genes critical for secondary cell wall formation and NAC transcription factors involved in tracheid formation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Although conifers have significant ecological and economic value, information on transcriptional regulation of wood formation in conifers is still limited. Here, to gain insight into secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis and tracheid formation in conifers, we performed wood tissue-specific transcriptome analyses of Pinus densiflora (Korean red pine) using RNA sequencing. In addition, to obtain full-length transcriptome information, PacBio single molecule real-time (SMRT) iso-sequencing was carried out using RNAs from 28 tissues of P. densiflora. Subsequent comparative tissue-specific transcriptome analysis successfully pinpointed critical genes encoding key proteins involved in biosynthesis of the major secondary wall components (cellulose, galactoglucomannan, xylan, and lignin). Furthermore, we predicted a total of 62 NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) family transcription factor members and identified seven PdeNAC genes preferentially expressed in developing xylem tissues in P. densiflora. Protoplast-based transcriptional activation analysis found that four PdeNAC genes, homologous to VND, NST and SND/ANAC075, upregulated GUS activity driven by an SCW-specific cellulose synthase promoter. Consistently, transient overexpression of the four PdeNACs induced xylem vessel cell-like SCW deposition in both tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) and Arabidopsis leaves. Taken together, our data provide a foundation for further research to unravel transcriptional regulation of wood formation in conifers, especially SCW formation and tracheid differentiation. Keywords: Research, Genetic resources ID: 3622610 -
DocumentOther documentWood transcriptome profiling identifies critical pathway genes of secondary wall biosynthesis and novel regulators for vascular cambium development in populus
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Wood, the most abundant biomass on Earth, is composed of secondary xylem differentiated from vascular cambium. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of wood formation remain largely unclear. To gain insight into wood formation, we performed a series of wood-forming tissue-specific transcriptome analyses from a hybrid poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa, clone BH) using RNA-seq. Together with shoot apex and leaf tissue, cambium and xylem tissues were isolated from vertical stem segments representing a gradient of secondary growth developmental stages (i.e., immature, intermediate, and mature stem). In a comparative transcriptome analysis of the ‘developing xylem’ and ‘leaf’ tissue, we could identify critical players catalyzing each biosynthetic step of secondary wall components (e.g., cellulose, xylan, and lignin). Several candidate genes involved in the initiation of vascular cambium formation were found via a co-expression network analysis using abundantly expressed genes in the ‘intermediate stem-derived cambium’ tissue. We found that transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the PtrHAM4-1, a GRAS family transcription factor, resulted in a significant increase of vascular cambium development. This phenotype was successfully reproduced in the transgenic poplars overexpressing the PtrHAM4-1. Taken together, our results may serve as a springboard for further research to unravel the molecular mechanism of wood formation, one of the most important biological processes on this planet. Keywords: Genetic resources, Research ID: 3622616 -
DocumentOther documentEvaluation of carbon stocks of domestic wood products to improve carbon sinks in the forest sector
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Harvested Wood Products (HWP) is recognized as a carbon pool in the forest sector, along with biomass, dead wood, litter and soil. There was a debate about which country should include carbon stocks in imported or exported HWP. At the 17th Conference of the Parties in Durban (COP17) in 2011, domestic harvested wood products were accepted as accounted carbon pools and thus have to be reported by all Parties included in Annex I. Although the HWP carbon calculation method related to this has been suggested since the IPCC 2006 guidelines, it could not be calculated due to the lack of HWP statistics data in Korea.
In this study, to estimate the carbon stock and the annual stock changes for each of the HWP categories. Input data on the production of wood products used in the model to estimate carbon emissions and removals from HWP in Korea were acquired from database of the 'Wood utilization survey report' and 'Statistical yearbook of Forestry' in Korea Forest Service. In particular, statistic data on production of sawnwood, wood-based panels and paper and paperboard were obtained for the period 1989–2019. It used the first order decay function with default half-lives of 35, 25 and two years, respectively. For the conversion of wood volume or weight into carbon the default conversion factors and half-lives provided by IPCC guideline. As a result of the calculation, it was estimated that about 0.7 million tCO2 was stored according to the use of domestic wood products in 2019. It is expected that it will be possible to quantify the carbon storage effect of HWP and to activate the use of wood products. Indeed, it could change if life expectancy of HWPs improves into the future. Furthermore, additional mitigation potential may be achieved when substituting emissions-intensive materials. Keywords: Sustainable forest management, Climate change, Value chain ID: 3619351
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