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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportThe culture and use of brine shrimp, Artemia salina, as food for hatchery-raised larval prawns, shrimps and fish in Southeast Asia 1978
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No results found.This paper is based on consultancy tours made in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia in Southeast Asia. These extended in intermittent periods from June 1976 to November 1978. Four visits were made to the Philippines where work was mainly done with the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) and in Thailand and Indonesia with ongoing FAO/UNDP projects. The work in these countries varied from assistance on the effective use of acquired Artemia sali na in fish hatcheries to raising it in pilot-scale raceways and also initiation of trial cultures in natural saline earth ponds for the production of cysts. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportGiant freshwater prawn farming in Supanburi, Thailand 1979
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No results found.Amongst all the Thai people who earn their living from rearing aquatic animals, to be able to culture freshwater prawns has been a long present hope. The obstacle that impedes business development in this field is a lack of technical understanding; there is, for instance a belief that: cannibalism during pond rearing will cause low yields prawns will not grow in ponds prawns will not have a chance to grow because predatory fish and other predators will attack them in the early stages of re aring. However, the development of prawn culture is greatly and genuinely handicapped by lack of experience and the difficulties in obtaining sufficient juveniles and mature prawns for culture purposes from their natural breeding grounds. Recently, the Department of Fisheries of the Royal Thai Government established a programme to determine the necessary data for producing juvenile prawns under controlled conditions. The Chacheongsao Fisheries Station is one of the stations conducting these experiments. During 1977, freshwater prawns were hatched and reared there so that some juvenile prawns could be stocked in private ponds in some 23 provinces in order to collect and study data on growth and survival rates. Supanburi is one of the provinces where many inhabitants are extremely interested in freshwater prawn culture. Some already had experience in fish culture, which is considered advantageous for those wishing to culture prawns. Being a new enterprise in its infancy there is a co nsiderable amount of work yet to be done to bring prawn culture to full maturity. However, the successful result obtained by the culturists of this province may serve as a guide for those who are interested and at the same time serve as a basis for promoting deeper interest amongst them. It is hoped that these annotated results will encourage them to devote themselves to prawn culture without hesitation. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectManual / guideBrine shrimp (Artemia salina) inoculation in tropical salt ponds: a preliminary guide for use in Thailand 1979
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No results found.This work paper is prepared in view of the wish of the Thai Department of Fisheries to inoculate salt ponds with Artemia salina to produce cysts. Artemia cysts are used to obtain live food in many aquacultural operations, but especially in the hatchery of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. These inoculations, if successful, could encourage the Thai Government in the future to conduct experiments in large-scale cyst production. Indeed, up to this date, Thailand completely de pends on import of expensive Artemia cysts from abroad. The yearly expenditure in cysts by the Department of Fisheries for the national fisheries stations, is estimated to be more than US$50 000. The inoculation ponds considered are: (i) ponds in the National Fishery Station at Samut Sakhorn (still to be completed), and (ii) privately-owned salt ponds of salt farmers in the vicinity of the National Fishery Station at Chachoengsao. Although previously, several inoculations in other parts of t he world have proven to be successful, no written guides are yet available. Trial inoculations in Thailand being considered important, the necessity was felt to gather all available information on Artemia inoculations and cyst production into one working paper to serve as guide on improving the chances of a successful experiment.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.