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Giant freshwater prawn farming in Supanburi, Thailand







Singholka, S. 1979. Giant freshwater prawn farming in Supanburi, Thailand. 8 p.


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    The culture of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) in Cuba. Report of the first technical assessment mission, May 7th - 30th 1990 1990
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    The Cuban government wish to expand the tourist industry as a sorce of much needed foreign exchange. Opportunites to supply and support the industry are actively being sought and include the provision of fish and shellfish foods from fisheries and aquaculture to supply the hotel and restaurant enterprises throughout the designated tourist areas. The culture of the Giant Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is one such Trials are being made with pond reared stock using three methods to improve breeding; i) eyestalk ablation; ii) photoperiod manipulation; iii) artificial insemination. In the hatchery larvae are fed algae followed by minced clam, squid, marine fish and Artemia but Nippai prepared feeds are also used. A nursery phase is employed lasting 30–40 days which takes the shrimp from 5–10 day old post-larvae to 0.5 to 1.0 g juveniles. Stocking rate is 100/sq m but trials, have been made with 1000–2000 in 70 t tanks. In the on-growing phase shrimp are stocked at 5/m2, feed is given at from 15 to 2.5% per day and salinity is 25%. Feed costs around 200–250 pesos per tonne and contains squid, shrimp meal (from processed P. schmitti caught at sea) and zeolite. Problems with unstable artificial feed are common. Production is around 400–500 kg/ha/cycle and at present there are 1.6 to 1.7 cycles/yr. Newness of the ponds, inexperience and climatic changes are constraints on production. Early trials with P. notialis were not encouraging as growth stopped at 6–8 g, howev er new trials may be undertaken.
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    Thai freshwater prawn and brine shrimp farming. Report on a study of economics, marketing and processing requirements 1980
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    Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergil) farming is a rapidly expanding industry in Thailand. The production of both post-larvae and marketable prawn increased about 80 percent between 1979 and 1980. Currently the industry consists of 59 hatcheries and at least 455 farms utilizing approximately 2,346 rai (375 hectares) of land. Current hatchery production exceeds 25 million post-larvae per year with a potential production of over 100 million. The total production of marketable prawn in 1980 is estimated to be about 350 tons with a total retail value of nearly 70 million Baht ($3.5 million). Thailand is already a leader in terms of total land used for freshwater prawn production including Hawaii. Since culture technology is not expected to be a limiting factor for expansion, the future development of this industry depends mainly on its economic viability and the market potential for locally produced prawn. The economic viability of this industry was evaluated mainly based on the d ata collected from a field survey. The production efficiency of both hatchery and grow–out farm operations in Thailand is relatively low. The productivity per unit of Artemia (the most important food for juvenile prawn) used in the hatchery is only about half that in Hawaii, and the production of marketable prawn per unit of pond area is only one-third. However, despite the low productivities, all of the hatcheries and farms interviewed are currently making a good profit mainly because of the re latively low cost of inputs and the prevailing high price of prawn. The average rate of return to initial investment is high for both hatchery and grow-out farm operations. In most cases, the initial investment can be paid off within the second year of operation. However, this situation will change if the production exceeds the demand resulting in a lower price for prawn and hence lower profit.
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    Farming freshwater prawns. A manual for the culture of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) 2002
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    This new manual, which replaces an earlier manual first issued in 1982, is an up-to-date practical guide to the farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Many of the techniques described are also applicable to the culture of other species of freshwater prawns. The principle target audience is farmers and extension workers but it is also hoped that it will be useful for aquaculture lecturers and students. After a preliminary section on the biology of freshwater prawns, the manual covers site selectio n for hatcheries, nurseries and grow-out facilities, and the management of the broodstock, hatchery, nursery and grow-out phases of rearing. Harvesting and post-harvest handling are also covered and there are some notes on marketing freshwater prawns. The reference and bibliography section contains a list of relevant reviews, as well as other (mainly FAO) manuals on general aquaculture themes, such as water and soil management, topography, pond construction and simple economics. The management p rinciples described are illustrated by photographs and drawings. The manual contains annexes on specific topics such as the production of larval feeds, size variation, and stock estimation. The final annex is a glossary that lists not only the terms used in the manual itself but also those which may be found in other documents.

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