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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportSouth China Sea fisheries development and coordinating programme. Engineering aspects of brackish water aquaculture in the south China Sea region, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong 1975
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No results found.. Present state. It can be said that the engineering aspect of brackish water aquaculture industry in the region has attained a level commensurate with the present capabilities of the countries where it is now practiced. In general, as a physical unit, existing projects are hardly adequate. Aquaculture farm engineering as an art (as perhaps at this stage it is more of an art than a technology) has been a product of long development and experience by the people in the industry themselves or witho ut the contribution from organized research. It is only within very recent years that a limited amount of attention is being called to the importance of this phase of the industry. 2. Manpower and equipment. Due to the circumstances cited above the industry has not been utilizing much of labour-saving or mechanized equipment both for operation and construction. At present the industry is largely labour-intensive and depends on simple locally-devised equipment which have been developed through the years. Likewise the specialized manpower for construction and maintenance is localized and often very limited so that in many potential focal points of development this can be a major constraint. 3. Projects as engineering units. The physical make-up of brackish water aquaculture projects in the region are in general weak and inadequate as engineering structures, many of them are not geared to the production management for which they are established. For extensive type production in many d eveloping areas of the region, present projects have served for the conduct of subsistence level operation where constant maintenance is being carried out. However, to maximize production; project design, proper layout and adequate construction specifications, etc. are required. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportSouth China Sea fisheries development and coordinating programme. Joint SCSP/SEAFDEC Workshop on Aquaculture Engineering (with Emphasis on Small-Scale Aquaculture Projects), Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 27 November - 3 December 1977. V. 1: General repor 1977
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No results found.A priority activity of the SCSP is to stimulate the development of aquaculture as an integrated part of the total development of fisheries. Based on its work to date, one of the major constraints found is the lack of practical, sound, workable, engineering practices to guide development. It is felt that all the expertise required exists in the region, but that it is unevenly distributed and not well known among the countries. This Workshop has provided a vehicle for the exchange of very usefu l engineering practices and further it has given valuable guidance to the Programme in its future activities to assist the region particularly in small-scale fisheries development. It has been carried out with close cooperation of SEAFDEC in providing its facilities and staff and as well as the lodging and living expenses of the participants while attending the Workshop. The Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources assisted also in the organization and implementation. Close collab oration, support and participation was given by the private sector, through the Philippine Federation of Fishfarm Producers, Inc. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectProgramme / project reportSouth China Sea fisheries development and coordinating programme. Water supply of the Fishery Development Centre in Freshwater Aquaculture at Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia 1977
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No results found.The early drilling of a well at the present Centre, about 30 cm in diameter, or larger if practicable, and up to 150 metres in depth is recommended as an interim measure to effect an urgently needed improvement in dependable water supply at the Centre. If the target yield of 11 liters/second, or more, is realized and water quality is satisfactory, then an appropriate size pump should be selected based on drawdown tests. The pump would be powered by electric power from the City of Sukabumi with s tandby power provided at the Centre. Relocation of the Centre to the upper foothill locations of Mt. Pangrano characterized by the Halimun Valley and Batukarat locations is strongly recommended for more detail engineering study. Sites with the desired 200 liters/second capacity appear available with minimum impact on existing paddy irrigation. Alternatively the survey could also look into the possibility of using other existing Directorate General Fisheries freshwater projects outside Sukabumi . Pipeline diversion of an upland flow to the Centre, which has been previously considered is not recommended because of adverse social and economic impacts on existing rice farms. The possibility of FAO/UNDP assistance with various elements of implementing a new water supply and improving the Centre should be considered in the 1978 IPF as a preproject activity of the proposed Fisheries Extension Project 1979–1982. The estimated UNDP requirement in 1978 is $70,000, as indicated in ANNEX 3. T he corresponding counterpart funding to cover drilling of a well, installation of pumps and motor, and comprehensive site surveys should be provided.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.