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DocumentMoving Forward, Looking Back: The Impact of Migration and Remittances on Assets, Consumption, and Credit Constraints in the Rural Philippines
Agnes R. Quisumbing and Scott McNiven
2007Also available in:
No results found.This paper investigates the impact of migration and remittances on asset holdings, consumption expenditures, and credit constraint status of households in origin communities, using a unique longitudinal data set from the Philippines. The Bukidnon Panel Study follows up 448 families in rural Mindanao who were first interviewed in 1984/85 by the International Food Policy Research Institute and the Research Institute for Mindanao Culture, Xavier University. The study interviewed the original resp ondents and a sample of their offspring, both those who have remained in the same area and those who have moved to a different location. This paper examines the impact of remittances from outside the original survey villages on parent households, taking into account the endogeneity of the number of migrants and remittances received to characteristics of the origin households and communities, completed schooling of sons and daughters, and shocks to both the origin households and migrants. When b oth migration and remittances are treated as endogenous, a larger number of migrant children reduces the values of nonland assets, total expenditures per adult equivalent, and some components of household expenditures. On the other hand, remittances have a positive impact on housing and consumer durables, nonland assets, and total expenditures (per adult equivalent). The largest impact of remittances is on the total value of nonland assets (driven by increased acquisition of consumer durables) and on educational expenditures. Thus, despite the costs that parents may incur in sending migrants to other communities, the returns, in terms of remittances, play an important role in enabling investment in assets and human capital in sending communities. Neither migration nor remittances affects current credit constraint status. -
No Thumbnail AvailableDocumentLooking forward 2001Will global forest cover in 2050 be stabilized or will it continue to decrease? Will demand for wood increase or remain static? Will the earth experience global warming or global cooling? Will new technology make it possible to count every tree? These are some of the questions raised in this issue of Unasylva on the future of forests and forestry.
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Book (stand-alone)E-agriculture in action: Blockchain for agriculture
Challenges and opportunities
2019Also available in:
No results found.The growth of ICT in the last decade has provided many opportunities to overcome some of the challenges faced by the agriculture sector. Recent developments such as the increase in the use of mobile-broadband access devices, the Internet of things (IoT), drones, smart networks, capacity for big data analytics, and artificial intelligence have provided agriculture stakeholders with some key tools and technologies to improve production and marketing processes, for example, in agriculture and allied fields. One of the most discussed technologies of late is Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT); Blockchain is one implementaiton of DLTs. This publication aims to demystify the technology, provide some thoughts on the opportunities and challenges in implementing blockchain-based systems as well as document some case studies on the use of blockchain for agriculture.
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