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State of Food and Agriculture 1998








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    Book (series)
    The State of Food and Agriculture, 2005
    Agricultural trade and poverty can trade work for the poor?
    2005
    Can trade work for the poor? The State of Food and Agriculture 2005 examines the many ways trade and trade liberalization affect the poor and food-insecure. It is found that trade can be a catalyst for change, promoting conditions that enable the poor to raise their incomes and live longer, healthier and more productive lives. But because the poor often survive on a narrow margin, they are particularly vulnerable in any reform process, especially in the short run as productive sectors and labour markets adjust. Opening national agricultural markets to international competition especially from subsidized competitors before basic market institutions and infrastructure are in place can undermine the agriculture sector with long-term negative consequences for poverty and food security. Among the many important lessons from this analysis is the need for policy-makers to consider carefully how trade and complementary policies can be used to promote pro-poor growth. The report recommends a twin-track approach: investing in human capital, institutions and infrastructure to enable the poor to take advantage of trade-related opportunities, while establishing safety nets to protect vulnerable members of society.
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    Book (series)
    The State of Food and Agriculture, 1998
    Rural non-farm income in developing countries
    1998
    This year’s report confirms that, in a long-term perspective, the poorest nations’ populations have become increasingly poor and food-insecure, pointing out that this unacceptable trend has continued in recent years. The country policy reviews suggest that the promotion of rapid, equitable and broad-based growth remains a difficult challenge. However, growth and equity, far from being horns of a dilemma, are equally essential elements of a sound development strategy. Their achievement requires a genuine commitment to alleviating poverty and addressing social needs, and we must welcome all efforts that are being made in this direction by many countries, especially those in Africa. At the same time, in most countries growth-cum-equity can only be achieved by following a strong, rural-oriented development strategy involving large investments in rural infrastructure, human capital and social services. Rural development and poverty alleviation are central issues of this year’s special chapter, entitled “Rural non-farm income in developing countries”.

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