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A G.I.S. (Geographical Information Systems) plan for the development of aquaculture and fisheries in small water bodies in Zimbabwe. Report of a consultancy undertaken from 13th July to 14th August, 1991







Meaden, G.J. (nd). A G.I.S. (Geographical Information Systems) plan for the development of aquaculture and fisheries in small water bodies in Zimbabwe. Report of a consultancy undertaken from 13th July to 14th August, 1991. (np). 44 p.


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    Book (series)
    Geographical information systems and remote sensing in inland fisheries and aquaculture 1991
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    The rapidly rising world population is causing both a pressure on land and water space and the need to greatly increase food output. A realistic and practicable way of supplying more food protein is to increase fish production through the extension of aquaculture and inland fisheries. Since production sites for these activities need to satisfy fairly complex location criteria, it is important that suitable areas are identified and preferably designated in advance. The location criteria which con trol aquaculture and inland fisheries are identified and described. These mainly consist of physical and economic considerations though social factors may be important. It is necessary to obtain data to allow for its mapping. The various alternatives for assembling this data are described. Two fields of applied science and technology have recently emerged which, when used in combination, can greatly assist in the spatial decision-making process. The fundamentals of the first of these, remote sensing, are described giving particular emphasis to the commercial, high resolution environmental satellites and the sensing devices which they carry. The manner in which the aerial photographic and digital images which are produced can be processed and applied to the search for optimum fish production locations is described, and then indications are given as to where and how remotely sensed data can best be procured. Once the various types of locational data are assembled, the necessary maps o n which location decisions are made can be drawn up. This task can be greatly expedited by using the second applied science and technology field, that of “geographical information systems”. This emerging methodology relies on the increasing power of the computer to process vast amounts of spatially referenced and encoded data in such a way as to produce any desired maps, tabular or textual output, using a large array of ways to manipulate the data. The required computer hardware and software are reviewed, including examples where appropriate, and we show the considerations which are necessary in setting up a geographical information system for the development and management of aquaculture and inland fisheries. We conclude by giving an divergent selection of relevant case studies.
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    Project
    Socio-economic and marketing constraints to the development of aquaculture and utilisation of small water bodies in Zimbabwe 1989
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    A questionnaire survey was administered in Murehwa and Masvingo Districts and 160 fish farming households (FFH) and 80 non-fish farming households (NFFH) were interviewed. Of those FFH interviewed, 25 were female-headed and 28 NFFH interviewed were female-headed. The study found that the potential for aquaculture development was relatively higher in wetter areas like NRs II and III, but because NRs IV and V are relatively dry and a large number of dams have been built there, they are, however, suited to the exploitation of these fisheries. Fish farming households were generally the wealthier households in the community. FFHs had more land and labour, produced more field and horticultural crops than NFFHs. Integration of fish farming within the farming systems was more likely among farmers with irrigated garden plots than those without; so that concentrating the extension message on this target audience could increase AGRITEX's impact. The majority of NFFH were aware of fish farmi ng in all NRs implying that the extension project had a significant impact in the pilot zones. Although they were aware of fish farming, they did not have suitable land for siting a pond and failed to hire enough labour to construct the pond. The proportion of female-headed FFH was relatively high in wetter areas (NR II) but lower in NRs III and IV. Although the average proportion of female-headed FFH was fairly standard, the absolute sample size was too low to permit rigorous examination of s ocio-economic differences among different gender groups. Wives in male-headed households were responsible for day-to-day pond management but the decisions of their husbands dominated. Fish farming was considered a sideline activity which required little management.

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