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Estimations des émission gazeuses de NH3, NO et N2O par les terres agricoles à l'échelle mondiale











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    Book (stand-alone)
    Technical book
    Global estimates of gaseous emissions of NH3, NO and N2O from agricultural land 2001
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    Plants take up only 50 percent of the nitrogen fertilizer applied to agricultural land. Part of this inefficiency is a result of emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). Quantifying these emisions is important, both as part of an attempt to improve fertilizer use efficiency and because of their influence on ecosystems, atmospheric pollution and the so-called greenhouse effect. This report provides a comprehensive review of the literature about emissions of NH3, N2O and NO, and examines the regulating factors, measurement techniques and models. It draws these data together and generates global emission estimates that can serve as a basis for further addressing the issues of efficiency and environmental impact.
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    Technical book
    Renforcement de l’ecience et de la productivité de l’eau à usage agricole à l’échelle africaine et mondiale
    Evaluation de la situation, de la performance et de la portée de la collecte de l’eau pour l’agriculture en Ouganda, au Burkina Faso et au Maroc
    2016
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    L’évaluation décrite dans le présent rapport fait partie du projet «Renforcement de l’efficience et de la productivité de l’eau à usage agricole à l’échelle africaine et mondiale”, qui vise à réduire la faim et la pauvreté dans trois pays africains (Burkina Faso, Maroc et Ouganda) en mettant l’accent sur l’amélioration de la GEA et son intégration dans les cadres et processus nationaux. Ce rapport contribue en particulier au résultat 3 du projet: Amélioration de la capacité de collecte de l’eau à usage agricole au Burkina Faso, au Maroc et en Ouganda. Cette évaluation cible les agents de vulgarisation et les experts techniques travaillant dans le domaine de l’eau à usage agricole. Elle leur donne des indications claires sur la manière d’améliorer la capacité de CE pour la production agricole dans les trois pays de l’étude de cas, ainsi que sur la façon de choisir des techniques de CE réalisables et adaptées pour différentes zones géographiques. C’est une évaluation de la situation, de la performance et de la portée de la CE visant à permettre son amélioration pour l’agriculture dans les trois pays, qui présente un éventail de technologies et précise dans quelle mesure leur application est adaptable et réalisable dans les conditions prévalant dans ces pays.
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    Technical book
    Méthodes d’estimation de taux comparables de prévalence de l’insécurité alimentaire chez les adultes à l’échelle mondiale
    Voices of the Hungry. Rapport Technique (Numéro 1/ Août 2016 (Deuxième édition))
    2016
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    Le projet « Voices of the Hungry » a développé l’Échelle de l’Insécurité Alimentaire basée sur les Expériences (FIES), une nouvelle méthode de mesure pour l’insécurité alimentaire des foyers et des individus. Cela nous amène un pas en avant pour entendre la voix de ceux qui luttent tous les jours pour obtenir de la nourriture saine et nourrissante.

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    The future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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    What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.
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    Flagship
    The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
    Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
    2021
    In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.
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    Technical book
    Livestock's long shadow
    environmental issues and options
    2006
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    This report aims to assess the full impact of the livestock sector on environmental problems, along with potential technical and policy approaches to mitigation. The assessment is based on the most recent and complete data available, taking into account direct impacts, along with the impacts of feedcrop agriculture required for livestock production. The livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems, at every scale from local to global. The findings of this report suggest that it should be a major policy focus when dealing with problems of land degradation, climate change and air poullution, water shortage and water pollution, and loss of biodiversity.