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ArticleMass propagation of a Dendrocalamus asper through seedling macroproliferation for large-scale plantation programs
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Dendrocalamus asper is a thick walled edible bamboo species with diversified industrial uses. Vegetative propagation trough culm, rhizome or branch cutting is difficult due to inadequate numbers. Tissue culture requires sophisticated labs, expensive procedure and impractical in many areas of the world. Upon availability, seed germination and seedling macroproliferation could be very simple, inexpensive and advantageous for bamboo propagation which start the physiological age from zero. Current study was therefore carried out over a period of two year from March 2017 to February 2019 to explore the regeneration potentials of D. asper through seed germination and seedling macro-proliferation. Intact or deglumed seeds were soaked in water for 0h, 24h or 48h and sown in pots filled with soil and cow dung under nursery shed (T1) and intact seeds soaked in water mixed with fungicide for 24h were sown in perforated plastic tray filled with soil and cow dung in greenhouse condition (T2) for germination. The fastest germination (7 days) and maximum germination percent (60.3) was in deglumed seeds soaked in water for 24h followed by 40.27% in the same seeds soaked for 48h in T1. Seedlings developed through various pre-sowing treatments were with 4-9 tillers each and macroproliferated six months after germination and grown for another six month for second cycle proliferation. Through macroproliferation, average number of propagules produced were 4 and 8.2 in first cycle and second cycle respectively. Thus 32.8 number of planting materials were produced from a single seedling within one and half year period of time which could be 289.8 through third cycle proliferation at the end of two years. Survival rate of macroproliferated propagules was 86.6% one month after transferring them in the sun. Propagule were ready for third cycle macroproloferation (with 9.06 number of tillers again in each propagule) six months or for planting nine months after the second cycle of macroproliferation. Findings of this study could be a basis for further study and for re-greening the earth for better resilience to climate change adaptations. Keywords: Edible bamboo, deglume seeds, Dendrocalamus asper, seed germination, seedling macroproliferation. ID: 3476549 -
ArticleSustainable development of rubber plantations: challenges and opportunities
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Plantations of all major tropical commodities are expanding quickly, creating opportunities for development and raising concerns about their impacts on the environment, landscapes and livelihoods. Natural rubber is a particularly interesting example with respect to sustainability objectives given it being a strategic commodity to support transportation and new forms of mobility. Furthermore, its world production originates at 90% from millions of smallholders. It is therefore key to the sustainable development of commodity producing countries and the commodity value chains. Global rubber demand has risen rapidly during the last decade, driven by economic development, especially in China. This expansion is expected to continue (albeit at a decelerating rate) and it will continue to be driven by the automotive industry and by the growing importance of natural rubber in the health sector. Various authors have raised concerns on rubber cultivation and expansion and its impact on livelihoods and ecosystems. The purpose of this paper, a collaboration between The Forests, Trees and Agroforestry research program of the CGIAR (FTA) and the International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), is to consider rubber production in relation to its sustainability and challenges in order to identify how it can best contribute to sustainable development in a context of climate change. We first identify some main “sustainability hotspots” that are where the challenges and opportunities are the greatest. We then consider how they can be addressed and propose a way forward to address them in a holistic way. Keywords: natural rubber, sustainable development, climate change, bioeconomy. ID: 3477212 -
ArticleImpact of rubber tree plantations chronosequence on soil fertility and soil organic carbon stocks, Gurafarda District, Southwest Ethiopia
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Rubber tree is one of the important commercial commodities in the globe. This study was conducted to examine the change in soil fertility and soil organic carbon stocks following conversion of forest to rubber plantation of different ages (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 years) and coffee agroforestry. The field experiment was conducted in Guraferda district, Southwest Ethiopia. The soil samples were collected from 20× 20 m 2 plots at 30 cm depth, with three replicates at a 100 m interval. A total of 42 soil samples were taken from the three land-use types. The soil moisture content (MC), porosity, soil pH, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorous (P), exchangeable bases, CEC (cation exchange capacity) and base saturation (B)S content of the NF (natural forest), CA(coffee agroforestry) and old age rubber plantation (RP15, RP20 and RP25) were higher than the early years of rubber plantation (RP5 and RP10). The highest soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) were recorded in NF (114.3 Mg ha -1 ), CA (112.2 Mg ha -1 ), RP25 (98.5 Mg ha -1 ) and RP20 (97.8 Mg ha -1 ). The SOC loss because of conversion of NF to RP5 (11.0 Mg ha -1 y -1), RP10 (5.3 Mg ha -1 y -1 ), RP15 (2.3 Mg ha -1 y -1 ), RP20 (0.8 Mg ha -1 y -1 ), RP25 (0.6 Mg ha -1 y -1 ) and CA (0.1 Mg ha -1 y -1 ). In general, old age rubber plantation (RP20 and RP25) showed proportional levels of soil fertility and soil organic carbon stocks compared with the natural forest and the coffee agroforestry. Since all physico-chemical characteristics were low at the early years of rubber plantation, we recommend to supplement significant proportions of nutrient to the early years of rubber plantation (0-10 years). Keywords: Rubber plantation, Land use types, Physico-chemical characteristics, Soil organic carbon stocks, Organic carbon loss. ID: 3605459
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