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ArticleJournal articleSustainable development of rubber plantations: challenges and opportunities
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Plantations of all major tropical commodities are expanding quickly, creating opportunities for development and raising concerns about their impacts on the environment, landscapes and livelihoods. Natural rubber is a particularly interesting example with respect to sustainability objectives given it being a strategic commodity to support transportation and new forms of mobility. Furthermore, its world production originates at 90% from millions of smallholders. It is therefore key to the sustainable development of commodity producing countries and the commodity value chains. Global rubber demand has risen rapidly during the last decade, driven by economic development, especially in China. This expansion is expected to continue (albeit at a decelerating rate) and it will continue to be driven by the automotive industry and by the growing importance of natural rubber in the health sector. Various authors have raised concerns on rubber cultivation and expansion and its impact on livelihoods and ecosystems. The purpose of this paper, a collaboration between The Forests, Trees and Agroforestry research program of the CGIAR (FTA) and the International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), is to consider rubber production in relation to its sustainability and challenges in order to identify how it can best contribute to sustainable development in a context of climate change. We first identify some main “sustainability hotspots” that are where the challenges and opportunities are the greatest. We then consider how they can be addressed and propose a way forward to address them in a holistic way. Keywords: natural rubber, sustainable development, climate change, bioeconomy. ID: 3477212 -
DocumentOther documentSectoral performance of water management in plantations-based industry
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The plantations-based industry in Brazil holds near 8 mi ha of planted trees and sets aside 5.6 mi ha for conservation. It provides raw materials for more than 5 thousand products that represent 7% of Brazil’s industrial GDP.
When it comes to water, the sector has been historically researching the relationship between this resource and plantations. But since 2014, Ibá, the association representing politically and institutionally this sector, started leading initiatives to give more space to this theme, moving it towards a strategic and proactive approach.
The remarkable and most recent initiative is the unprecedented report "Taking care of water is taking care of everyone's future", which aims at providing governance and transparency to the continuous monitoring of the main water management practices in the plantations-based companies.
The monitoring is based on KPIs collaboratively defined with research institutes and covers the usage of water in nurseries, forests, industry, and the corporate environment from 2016 to 2019. Many of those KPIs are linked to SDG 6, 9, 12, and 15 as well as to the UNFF GFG 1 and 4. The report as a whole provides a basis for the ESG concept, as well.
The results have shown that forest management practices that balance production and water availability together with increased efficiency in industry and multistakeholder dialogue are the backbone of water management in this sector. The highlighted results are: 100% of the companies adopt practices that conserve the soil and water, such as protection of springs and prevention of erosion; and 82% and 53% of the water captured by the pulp and paper and the panel industries, respectively, return to the water bodies after treatment.
The report also has 11 projects that give a practical overview of how the KPIs are being implemented by companies and sets publically and straightforward commitments that reflect the attention of this industry with the shared-responsibility of this natural resource. Keywords: Monitoring and data collection|Adaptive and integrated management|Sustainable forest management ID: 3486863 -
ArticleJournal articleNatural rubber contributions to adaptation to climate change
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The purpose of this paper is to present research results relative to impacts of Climate Change on natural rubber production, potential means of adaptation and contribution of rubber to livelihoods resilience to climate change following a recent workshop organized by IRSG in collaboration with 2 CIFOR/FTA, IRRDB and CIRAD. Climate change already impacts rubber production. In some regions longer dry seasons and more variable precipitations threaten the survival of young plants. Rubber has never been planted in areas with an average temperature higher than 28°C; as latex flow after tapping depends on temperature, higher temperatures may have a severe impact on production. Abnormal rains can also disrupt tapping. These modifications will drive a shift of climatically favourable areas. Most pests and diseases affecting rubber are strongly influenced by climate conditions. Climate change is thus likely to modify their distribution and impacts. Without adaptation natural rubber production is projected to decline, in a context of otherwise increasing rubber demand. Three types of adaptation measures can be mobilized: management, breeding, and medium-term planning of plantation renewals and expansion in marginal areas. Management measures include partially shading young plants, mulching them, partial irrigation and life-saving irrigation to address increased risks of drought as well as adopting measures that reduce runoff. Systematic use of rain guards can address impacts of heavy rains on tapping. Better monitoring, prevention and early intervention can reduce damage by pests and diseases. Genomic assisted selection and collection of wild germplasm can support breeding progress towards high yielding, climate resilient and disease resistant clones. Such measures need to be supported by policies promoting the renewal of plantations and changes of practice. As shown by Sri Lanka the NationalAdaptation Plan (NAP) can offer opportunities to develop an integrated approach to adaptation of rubber to climate change and to contribute to the adaptation of smallholders. Keywords: Climate Change, Policies, Economic Development, Knowledge Management, Value Chain. ID: 3476528
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Book (stand-alone)High-profileBuilding a common vision for sustainable food and agriculture
Principles and approaches
2014Over the coming 35 years, agriculture will face an unprecedented confluence of pressures, including a 30 percent increase in the global population, intensifying competition for increasingly scarce land, water and energy resources, and the existential threat of climate change. To provide for a population projected to reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and support changing dietary patterns, estimates are that food production will need to increase from the current 8.4 billion tonnes to almost 13.5 billion tonnes a year. Achieving that level of production from an already seriously depleted natural resource base will be impossible without profound changes in our food and agriculture systems. We need to expand and accelerate the transition to sustainable food and agriculture which ensures world food security, provides economic and social opportunities, and protects the ecosystem services on which agriculture depends. This report is aimed primarily at policy makers and others who make or influence national and institutional decisions and actions. It is the outcome of intensive consultations and discussions aimed at developing a common approach to FAO’s work on sustainability. That process was conducted in a climate of cross-sectoral collaboration that drew on the contributions of leading specialists in crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries, aquaculture, and natural resources. It builds on the Organization’s long experience in developing sustainability concepts, approaches and tools, and offers a common vision of the agriculture sector and of the inter-sectoral synergies aiming at making agriculture more productive and sustainable. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.