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ArticleAssessing tree succession, species diversity and carbon sequestration potentials in off-reserve secondary forests for REDD+ implementation in Ghana
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Ghana is losing its primary forest, mostly forest reserves at an alarming rate. Secondary forests play a vital role in tropical landscapes, but few studies exist to assess their regeneration pathways and carbon sequestration in Ghana. We sought to find out the regeneration potentials, species diversity and carbon stocks accumulation of off-reserve secondary forests in the Moist Semi-deciduous and Dry Semi-deciduous zones. Four age classes were studied; 0-5, 6-10, 11-15 and 15+ years. Four plots with three replications were used for each age class. Nested plots were chosen; 33 m x 33 m for trees (dbh≥ 5 cm) 10 m x 10 m for saplings (≥1m tall and dbh <5cm) and 2 m x 2 m for seedlings. Age had significant differences in tree (dbh≥ 5 cm) density and basal area between the sites but not on sapling and seedling densities. A total of 129 tree species with dbh ≥5cm belonging to 95 genera and 40 families were identified. Mean Shannon-Weiner diversity index of trees (dbh ≥ 5cm) was 3.6±0.2 and 3.3±0.3 for the Moist Semi-deciduous and Dry Semi-deciduous zones respectively. Both age and forest site had significant effect on aboveground carbon accumulation with age of forest having more significance than climatic conditions. Age of a secondary forest has more effect on the species composition than climate. The secondary forest depicts the characteristic of young growth where the tree densities of most trees are confined to dbh= 5- 10cm in both zones and the potential of rapid recovery of species and carbon accumulation represents an important source of timber and carbon sink. The strong presence of regeneration portrays the potential for carbon sequestration under Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) if secondary forests are managed well in Ghana. Collaborative management of secondary forests with farmers and good forest polices can help Ghana achieve benefits such as timber, woodfuel, and carbon to participate in REDD+. Keywords: [Deforestation and forest degradation, REDD+, secondary forest, Climate change, Landscape management]\ ID: 3617260 -
ArticlePlant diversity and regeneration potential in forest protected areas of Sierra Leone
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Protected areas (PAs) around the globe are considered a reservoir for biodiversity conservation and an engine for ecosystem function and services. The regeneration potential of tropical forests in Protected Areas (PAs) is crucial to plant diversity and conservation, amid climate change uncertainties in the 21st century. The current status and future sustainability of PAs in Sierra Leone is uncertain and may lead to the risk of species extinction in the near future. To close this gap, we assessed the seedlings, saplings, and trees species diversity, abundance, richness and regeneration status of four PAs across Sierra Leone. We sampled 60 quadrats in total with each having a dimension of 20m × 20m. We found only a few new species with good regeneration potential in all the forest PAs we assessed, indicating that the resilience of these forests are quite low in the face of degradation. Plant diversity index and soil factors were positively correlated, indicating that a decrease or increase in soil physical and chemical properties could affect speciation. The diameter class distribution shows that the majority of plant sizes fall within the 0-30cm category. The plant species with the highest importance value index (IVI) were Uapaca guinensis (34.71), Heritiera utilis, (37.93), Guibourtia. copallifera (115.50) and Phyllocosmus africana (37.24) respectively. The results showed that the plant diversity status of forest PAs in Sierra Leone is at a crossroad. It recommended that strategic planning and forest enrichment policies be put in place to mitigate future forest exploitation. Keywords: Protected areas, Regeneration, Sierra Leone, Flora biodiversity, Seedlings, Saplings ID: 3471646 -
ArticleCharacteristics of growth and heartwood formation in planted teak in South China
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Dominant trees in 31 and 32 years old teak plantation were selected for trunk analysis to study the growth process and heartwood formation characteristics by scanning the disk with scanner and measuring the data with software. The results showed that tree height at the early growth stage (1 to 8 years) was more than that of the DBH (1 to 4 years) for 4 years. The middle growth stage of DBH (5 to 18 years) (stable growth stage) was longer than that of tree height (9 to 13 years) for 9 years. The average growth curve of the volume was not intersected with annual growth curve, which indicated that 31 years old teak plantation had not reached maturity age. The total number of annual rings and the number of heartwood rings were decreased with the increase of tree height, while the number of sapwood rings at different heights changed little. The number of sapwood rings below 16 m of trunk varied about 8 rings, and began to decrease gradually over 16 m. The diameters of xylem, heartwood and sapwood at different heights showed the same trend as the ring, the sapwood width below 22 m was stable, and decreased gradually above 22 m. Affected by taperingness, the heartwood area was larger than sapwood below 10 m, but smaller above 10m. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of heartwood rings with xylem age, diameter of heartwood and xylem diameter (p < 0.01). The growth of dominant tree DBH and tree height in teak plantation began to decline at 18 and 13 years respectively, the current growth and predicted maximum growth were still far lower than cultivation target (DBH ≥ 60cm). The heartwood formation of teak was positively correlated with the diameter growth. It is necessary to breed and utilize teak varieties with small taper and thinning should be done from 13 years for reserved dominant trees. Keywords: Tectona grandis L. f.; dominant tree; stem analysis; growth process; heartwood; sapwood ID: 3619031
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