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Role of women in agriculture in Lebanon - Briefing note

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    Fact sheet: Lebanon - Women, agriculture and rural development 1995
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    Due to the lack of gender-disaggregated data, and the fact that the last census carried out in Lebanon was in 1970, it is difficult to give accurate information on the role of women in agriculture. According to United Nations projections, women comprised 40.7% of the agricultural labour force in 1990. However, rural women have had to become the main contributors to agricultural production, from planting to marketing, due both to extensive male migration to urban areas and to increasing widow hood as a result of war. More than 10% of rural households were headed by women in 1987. Most women work on family farms, although a considerable number work as seasonal daily paid labourers, particularly in harvesting, where their wages are only half those of men. Women are also employed as cheap labour in food processing industries.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Evaluation report
    Empowerment of Agricultural Women Cooperatives and Producer Associations in the Agrifood Sector of Lebanon
    Evaluation highlights
    2025
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    The project aimed to create a better social and cultural environment for women’s economic empowerment. It intended to increase the participation of women in local economies by establishing or expanding agrifood enterprises that generate income. This focused on integrating women’s cooperatives, associations, and informal groups, and Syrian refugee women and girls into the local value chains in the agrifood sector. This integration involved plant and animal production, forestry, fisheries, aquaculture, food processing and marketing, and sustainable income generating activities.
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    Evaluation of the project "Empowerment of Agricultural Women Cooperatives and Producer Associations in the Agrifood Sector of Lebanon"
    Project Code: GCP/LEB/030/CAN
    2024
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    The project, implemented between March 2019 and September 2023, aimed to empower women's cooperatives and producer associations in Lebanon’s agrifood sector. Initiated by FAO at the request of Lebanon’s Ministry of Agriculture, the project sought to improve women's economic empowerment, contributing to local economic growth and social stability. FAO focused on capacity-building and training, integrating 150 women’s groups into local value chains. The project also sought to strengthen Lebanon’s Ministry of Agriculture’s Directorate of Cooperatives ability to manage and monitor cooperatives in Lebanon.The evaluation highlighted the project’s adaptability amidst challenges, such as COVID-19 and Lebanon’s economic crisis. Awareness campaigns, capacity-building efforts, and cash grant disbursements were successful, but there is room for improvement in data generation. Recommendations for future initiatives include refining the monitoring framework, continue supporting government entities, and improving oversight of local partners. Further efforts are needed to ensure long-term impact and support for vulnerable women’s groups.

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    Country gender assessment of agriculture and the rural sector in Maldives 2019
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    The Maldives Country Gender Assessment of Agriculture and the Rural Sector (CGA-ARS, or CGA) report was prepared to inform the country-level planning of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in line with the national development priorities of Maldives and FAO’s corporate Country Programme Framework (CPF) guidelines1 and as mandated by FAO’s Policy on Gender Equality. The objective of the report is to highlight existing gender inequalities in agriculture and the rural sector in Maldives. The CGA was commissioned by FAO Sri Lanka under the overall supervision of Nina Brandstrup, FAO Representative for Sri Lanka and Maldives. The report was drafted by Aminath Latheefa, National Consultant, under the direct guidance and with close engagement of Shafia Aminath, FAO National Correspondent in Maldives. The technical review was carried out by Tina Jayaratnam, Liaison Officer and Gender Focal Point of FAO Sri Lanka and Clara Mi Young Park, Regional Gender Officer, with Bettina Gatt of the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. This comprehensive gender analysis of the agriculture and rural sectors was made possible thanks to the cooperation and response of the Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture in Maldives, state service providers, non-governmental and civil society organizations, and farmers who shared their experiences and provided valuable input on gender dynamics in the fisheries and agriculture sectors.
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    Basic texts of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2017 edition
    Volumes I and II
    2017
    The Nations accepting this Constitution, being determined to promote the common welfare by furthering separate and collective action on their part for the purpose of: raising levels of nutrition and standards of living of the peoples under their respective jurisdictions; securing improvements in the efficiency of the production and distribution of all food and agricultural products; bettering the condition of rural populations; and thus contributing towards an expanding world economy and ensuring humanity's freedom from hunger; hereby establish the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, hereinafter referred to as the "Organization", through which the Members will report to one another on the measures taken and the progress achieved in the field of action set forth above.
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    Country gender assessment of agriculture and the rural sector in Fiji 2019
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    This Country gender assessment of agriculture and the rural sector provides in-depth insights into the gendered dimensions of agriculture and rural development in Fiji. The policy environment in rural sector ministries is supportive of gender mainstreaming, with clear paths to link policy direction on gender equality to programmes. Recommendations are formulated to progressively advance gender equality and support the empowerment of rural women through policy. In the short term, recommendations are oriented toward community programming that is more equitable, practical and beneficial for women. Developing infrastructure to reduce women’s workloads and facilitate their ability to engage in the cash economy could enhance women’s economic opportunities and contribute to improved family welfare. Promoting the use of radio, texts and social media to allow women to share information on weather, prices, economic opportunities and savings and banking can empower women to make more informed decisions about their activities. Building the gender analysis capacity of civil society organizations (CSOs) working in rural sectors on climate change, disaster management and sustainable development will support the engagement of women in community-based decision making. To address gender inequalities in the rural sector and support the empowerment of rural women, a set of concrete recommendations is given. These range from promotion of policy research and analysis to inform policies and strategic planning on gender equality and rural women’s empowerment in ARD to putting in place concrete measures for the improvement of rural women’s access to services, technology, finance, markets and resources.