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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookProcessing food consumption data from household consumption and expenditure surveys (HCES)
Guidelines for countries collecting data in line with the United Nations Statistical Commission-endorsed guidelines on food data collection in HCES
2025Also available in:
No results found.The food data processing guidelines presented in this document provide some basic principles to adopt when transforming the food data collected in household consumption and expenditure surveys (HCES) to data ready for poverty or food security analysis (among other things). The goal is to enable more and more timely, consistent and reliable statistics derived from food consumption data, while also improving the quality and transparency of data processing.The first part presents food consumption modules and provides some useful principles and general methods to consider before starting work. The analyst needs to assess the data collection tools and other available information before embarking on processing the data. Furthermore, the analyst should decide on the overall approach to cleaning the data.The second part provides a step-by-step description of food data processing, following 11 steps that describe how to bring the food consumption data from its raw form, as collected in the survey, to transformed data ready to be used for statistical analysis. The document was produced under the aegis of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Food Security, Agricultural and Rural Statistics (UN-CEAG), which reports to the United Nations Statistical Commission. It was prepared by members of the UN-CEAG task team on food security and consumption statistics, and with several rounds of consultation with a large group of experts from national statistical offices, international organisations and academia. -
PresentationPresentationPresentation of the global consultation on the Guidelines on Processing Food Consumption Data from Household Consumption and Expenditure Surveys
Open Meeting of the UN-CEAG (54th Session of the UN Statistical Commission)
2023Also available in:
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Book (stand-alone)GuidelineFood data collection in Household Consumption and Expenditure Surveys. Guidelines for low and middle income countries 2018
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No results found.The measurement of food consumption and expenditure is a fundamental component of any analysis of poverty and food security, and hence the importance and timeliness of devoting attention to the topic cannot be overemphasized as the international development community confronts the challenges of monitoring progress in implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In 2014, the International Household Survey Network published a desk review of the reliability and relevance of survey questions as included in 100 household surveys from low- and middle-income countries. The report was presented in March 2014 at the forty-fifth session of the United Nations Statistical Commission (UNSC), in a seminar organized by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on Food Security, Agricultural and Rural Statistics (IAEG-AG). The assessment painted a bleak picture in terms of heterogeneity in survey design and overall relevance and reliability of the data being collected. On the positive side, it pointed to many areas in which even marginal changes to survey and questionnaire design could lead to a significant increase in reliability and consequently, great improvements in measurement accuracy. The report, which sparked a lot of interest from development partners and UNSC member countries, prompted IAEG-AG to pursue this area of work with the ultimate objective of developing, validating, and promoting scalable standards for the measurement of food consumption in household surveys. The work started with an expert workshop that took place in Rome in November 2014. Successive versions of the guidelines were drafted and discussed at various IAEG-AG meetings, and in another expert workshop organized in November 2016 in Rome. The guidelines were put together by a joint FAO-World Bank team, with inputs and comments received from representatives of national statistical offices, international organizations, survey practitioners, academics, and experts in different disciplines (statistics, economics, nutrition, food security, and analysis). A list of the main contributors is included in the acknowledgment section. In December 2017 a draft of the guidelines was circulated to 148 National Statistical Offices from low- to high-income countries for comments. The document was revised following that consultation and submitted to UNSC, which endorsed it at its forty-ninth session in March 2018 (under item 3(j) of the agenda, agricultural and rural statistics. The version presented here reflects what was endorsed by the Commission, edited for language. The process received support from the Global Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Statistics. The document is intended to be a reference document for National Statistical Offices, survey practitioners, and national and international agencies designing household surveys that involve the collection of food consumption and expenditure data.
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BookletCorporate general interestFood balance sheets 2010–2021
Global, regional and country trends
2023Also available in:
No results found.The Statistics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) compiles food balance sheet (FBS) statistics for 187 countries, which present a comprehensive picture of the agrifood situation of a country in a specified reference period, showing the pattern of a country's food supply and utilizations. The new release of the 2021 FBS data comprises recompiled time series from 2010 to 2021, using new conversion factors and population estimates.According to the latest data global food supply, measured by the per capita dietary energy supply, increased by 5 percent between 2010 and 2021, to 2 978 kcal/cap/day. -
Book (series)Working paperEstimating the food value chain decomposition by industries and primary factors 2024
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No results found.This statistics working paper presents an estimation methodology for decomposing food expenditure across the industries and the primary factors of the food value chain (FVC). The approach outlined is based on the Global Food Dollar methodology developed by the Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ERS) and Cornell University. FAO has enriched the analytical scope of the methodology by adding the industry and primary factors decomposition. Country coverage has also been increased by adapting the methodology to different data types and sources. -
BookletTechnical briefTrade of agricultural commodities 2010–2023 2024
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No results found.Trade is essential in agrifood systems, enabling the distribution of agricultural commodities worldwide. It enhances access to healthy and affordable food, playing a significant role in food security, nutrition and safety – a vital element for countries that cannot produce enough to meet their domestic demand. Trade impacts numerous economic and social factors, such as market dynamics, agricultural productivity and the diversity of its outputs, the assortment, and the quality and safety of food products, and ultimately, dietary composition.The FAOSTAT Trade data domain disseminates statistics on the international trade of food and agricultural products for the period of 1961–2023. The food and agricultural trade datasets are collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard international merchandise trade statistics methodology.This analytical brief looks at the overall trade of agricultural products, food excluding fish and the main commodity groups for the period 2010–2023.