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Engaging smallholder farmers in sustainable income-generating activities

Enhancing water productivity in agriculture








FAO. 2025. Engaging smallholder farmers in sustainable income-generating activities – Enhancing water productivity in agriculture. Cairo.


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    The climate-smart Farmer Field School (FFS) initiative for smallholder farmers in Jordan has been launched under the project Building Resilience to Cope with Climate Change in Jordan Through Improving Water Use Efficiency in the Agriculture Sector (BRCCJ). A suite of climate-smart FFS training materials has been developed for different crops, cropping systems, and climate-smart agriculture technologies. The curriculum has six modules, namely, Module 1: climate-smart integrated homestead gardening, Module 2: climate-smart hydroponic leafy vegetable production, Module 3: climate-smart integrated fruit orchards, Module 4: climate-smart high-value vegetables agribusiness, Module 5: climate-smart rainfed wheat and barley, and Module 6: climate-smart livestock fodder bank. In support of the modules, catalogues for climate-smart agriculture technology have been developed to aid facilitators and farmer learning.In this module, several essential climate-smart technologies that are instrumental in establishing and managing successful high-value vegetables agribusiness in the project areas in Jordan have been introduced, including the following technologies: grow bags with peatmoss or cocopeat and grow bags trench technique, in addition to the greenhouse optimized for hydroponic vegetables.By promoting sustainable food production and enhancing climate resilience, this module offers a promising pathway towards adapting to climate change and water scarcity while achieving food security, livelihood improvements, and environmental sustainability in Jordan's agriculture sector.
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    Improving water productivity in the field with farmers: Farmers Field Schools on water in Jordan 2022
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    The North Jordan Valley (NJV) is located in the northwest of Jordan and it has a subtropical climate with warm winters and hot summers, with a mean annual rainfall of about 350 mm. The warm climate made the area an important agricultural area that mainly produces citrus. Vegetables (e.g., hot peppers, eggplants, okra and others) and other fruit trees (e.g., banana, grapes and date palm) are cultivated in the area as well. Water deficiency is evident in this area and the Jordan Valley Authority (JVA) adopted reduced water allocations (quotas) for farmers in NJV. For the local community in NJV, agriculture is the main employment sector and the main source of income. In addition to scarce water, the major challenges faced by farmers are the high prices of agricultural inputs and low yield prices. Producing more benefits with less water (increased water productivity) is one of the most strategic response to such challenges. Benefits can be either biophysical (yield, expressed in mass unit – kg), economical (returns, expressed in monetary terms – $) or even social when considering job created or dietary value. The analysis of local crop production showed that there is a significant gap between the actual yields and the attainable yields. the reader will know more about FAO's farmer field schools (FFS), its methodology and implementation. in addition to Farming practices implemented through FFSs including the objective of the FFS for each practice, the method applied by the FFS in the demonstration field and the method applied by traditional farmers.
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    Training course material for climate-wise women agents 2024
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    The training course material for climate wise women agents (CWWAs) has been launched in Jordan under the project Building Resilience to Cope with Climate Change in Jordan Through Improving Water Use Efficiency in the Agriculture Sector (BRCCJ). CWWAs will be trained as master trainers in state-of-the-art techniques for climate adaptation and efficient domestic use of water. The CWWA will be responsible for further training four hundred women to become climate wise women (CWW) across the project’s four target governorates.Based on a comprehensive review of the project area and training needs assessment of climate adaptation challenges faced by women in the project target area, the BRCCJ project has designed the course material to cover chapters on gender and climate change, international bindings related to climate change, climate change mitigation and adaptation in agriculture, climate adaptive irrigation technologies, efficient use of domestic water, soil management, budgeting and climate adaptive agribusiness plans, and approaches for climate change adaptation advocacy.The training course material will enable women in the project’s target area to become climate-wise and resilient. Additionally, the business-related topics will enable the climate wise women agents (CWWAs) to support enhanced production systems, guide women towards adding value to their products, and foster entrepreneurship at the household and community levels.The sections in each chapter contain the learning objectives, expected outcomes, sequence of activities, training topics, the required training materials, feedback on training content and its delivery, and resource materials. This course material will guide the participants of climate adaptive agriculture through providing training, training material, training topics, technical contents, and practical demonstrations to strengthen climate resilience at the household and community level.

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