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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookJoint FAO/WHO Technical Workshop on Residues of Veterinary Drugs without ADI/MRL - Bangkok, 24 – 26 August 2004 2004
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No results found.The Joint FAO/WHO Technical Workshop on Residues of Veterinary Drugs without ADI/MRL met in Bangkok, Thailand from 24th to 26th August 2004, in order to provide FAO, WHO and Codex with a first analysis of disruptions in food trade that occurred in 2001/2002. The disruptions were caused by the detection of trace amounts of chloramphenicol and nitrofurans in animal products. The experts were asked to identify the scientific, technical and regulatory problems related to these findings and to identi fy appropriate follow-up steps. The rapid progress of analytical methods has resulted in large improvements in detection capabilities of low residue levels of veterinary drugs, and has exposed gaps in the current national and international regulatory systems, leading particularly to major impacts on international trade. Decisive and innovative action, which is both realistic and flexible, is needed to address these gaps. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureAction to support the implementation of Codex AMR texts (ACT) project - Veterinary drug residues and AMR: Hidden connections and a tool to find them
Success story
2025Also available in:
No results found.Built around a concise, modular questionnaire, the FAO Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods (RVDF) Tool assesses countries’ capacity to analyse and monitor residues of veterinary drugs, including antimicrobials, in foods. The Tool encourages respondents to consider strengthening their capacity to collect residue data relevant to antimicrobial resistence (AMR) management in addition to the core assessment on the basic compliance monitoring capacities for residues. Often, the situation is more positive than countries think. Inspired by the structure of FAO’s Assessment Tool for Laboratories and AMR Surveillance Systems (FAO-ATLASS) tool for AMR surveillance, the RVDF Tool includes separate modules that can beused independently to evaluate national, university or private laboratories. This modular design allows countries to identify specific capacity gaps — even in the absence of a centralized monitoring infrastructure. The Tool is also been useful to donor countries.The success of the RVDF Tool lies in its alignment with the One Health approach. Addressing veterinary drug residues and AMR effectively requires coordinated action across food safety, animal health, environmental protection, and public health. The RVDF Tool encourages this multisectoral collaboration by supporting stakeholder mapping and engagement, helping countries develop integrated, sustainable solutions. -
BookletTraining materialJECFA Toolbox for Veterinary Drug Residues Risk Assessment
Section 5. Deriving maximum residue limits (MRLs)
2024In this guidance document on MRLs you will: • compare the drug residue exposure estimates (calculated in Section 4.2) with the relevant health-based guidance values (ADI/ARfD, Section 2) to assess the risk of residues at various times after drug administration;• see how potential MRL values are derived based on 95/95 UTL marker residues, once exposure estimates are deemed sufficiently protective of human health; and• learn about the factors influencing the selection of suitable MRLs, such as withdrawal periods of approved drug products. This publication is part of the FAO JECFA Toolbox for Veterinary Drug Residue Risk Assessment. The toolbox provides practical guidance on the principles, modalities and technical requirements of JECFA in assessing the risks of veterinary drug residues in food and in recommending MRLs.
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DocumentOther documentContract Farming of Swine in Southeast Asia as a Response to Changing Market Demand for Quality and Safety in Pork 2008
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Book (series)Technical studyImproving biosecurity through prudent and responsible use of veterinary medicines in aquatic food production 2012
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No results found.The current trend towards increasing intensification and diversification of global aquaculture has lead to its dramatic growth, thus making aquaculture an important food-producing sector that provides an essential source of aquatic protein for a growing human population. For both developed and developing countries, the sector is recognized as creator of jobs and an important source of foreign export earnings. The expansion of commercial aquaculture, as is the case in commercial livestock and pou ltry production, has necessitated the routine use of veterinary medicines to prevent and treat disease outbreaks due to pathogens, assure healthy stocks and maximize production. The expanded and occasionally irresponsible global movements of live aquatic animals have been accompanied by the transboundary spread of a wide variety of pathogens that have sometimes caused serious damage to aquatic food productivity and resulted in serious pathogens becoming endemic in culture systems and the natura l aquatic environment. The use of appropriate antimicrobial treatments is one of the most effective management responses to emergencies associated with infectious disease epizootics. However, their inappropriate use can lead to problems related to increased frequency of bacterial resistance and the potential transfer of resistance genes in bacteria from the aquatic environment to other bacteria. Injudicious use of antimicrobials has also resulted in the occurrence of their residues in aquacultur e products, and as a consequence, bans by importing countries and associated economic impacts, including market loss have occurred. Since disease emergencies can happen even in well-managed aquaculture operations, careful planning on the use antimicrobials is essential in order to maximize their efficacy and minimize the selection pressure for increased frequencies of resistant variants. The prudent and responsible use of veterinary medicines is an essential component of successful commercial aq uaculture production systems. The FAO/AAHRI Expert Workshop on Improving Biosecurity through Prudent and Responsible Use of Veterinary Medicines in Aquatic Food Production was convened in Bangkok, Thailand from 15 to 18 December 2009, in order to understand the current status of the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture and to discuss the concerns and impacts of their irresponsible use on human health, the aquatic environment and trade. Such discussions became the basis for drafting recommenda tions targeted to the state and private sectors and for developing guiding principles on the responsible use of antimicrobials in aquaculture that will be part of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries Technical Guidelines on Prudent and Responsible Use of Veterinary Medicines in Aquaculture. Since aquaculture is expected to continue to increase its contribution to the world¿s production of aquatic food, offer opportunities to alleviate poverty, increase employment and community de velopment and reduce overexploitation of natural aquatic resources, appropriate guidance to aquaculture stakeholders on the responsible use of veterinary medicines has become essential. Safe and effective veterinary medicines need to be available for efficient aquaculture production, and their use should be in line with established principles on prudent use to safeguard public and animal health. The use of such medicines should be part of national and on-farm biosecurity plans and in accordance with an overall national policy for sustainable aquaculture. This publication is presented in two parts: Part 1 contains 15 technical background papers presented during the expert workshop, contributed by 28 specialists and which served as a basis for the expert workshop deliberations; Part 2 contains the highlights of the expert workshop. -
ProjectProgramme / project reportAppropriate food packaging solutions for developing countries 2011
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No results found.The study was undertaken to serve as a basis for the international congress Save Food!, taking place from 16 to 17 May 2011, at the international packaging industry fair Interpack2011 in Düsseldorf, Germany. Save Food! has been co organized by Interpack2011 and FAO, aiming to raise awareness on global food losses and waste. In addition, Save Food! brings to the attention of the international packaging industry the constraints faced by the small- and medium-scale food processing industries in dev eloping countries to obtain access to adequate packaging materials which are economically feasible.