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调动农村农技推广潜力










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    This publication is part of a three-volume diagnostic study on lessons learned and implications for agriculture and food security in the context of rapid growth in selected Asian economies: China, India, Republic of Korea, Thailand and Viet Nam. This second volume presents the country studies for China and India. It discusses experiences in agricultural development and economic growth and the implications of rapid growth in these countries for their own economies and those of other countries in the region and beyond. The implications of and the lessons learned from agricultural and rural development in the world's two largest nations are expected to be of interest to relevant governments, policy professionals and development practitioners in the formulation of policies and strategies for restructuring their agriculture sectors in response to changing market and trade opportunities and to achieve the Millennium Development Goals of poverty and hunger eradication.
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    全世界有5亿多个家庭农场,管理着世界上大部分农地,并生产出世界上大部分粮食。它们极具多样化,其中包括众多生产率低下的贫困农户。所有家庭农场都必须提高自身的创新水平,以确保实现可持续生产率增长。支持创新的战略必须认识到家庭农场的多样化,并着力提高产量,保护自然资源,提高农村收入。这就要求构建一个创新体系,以便为参与农业创新的所有利益相关方提供便利并协调他们的各项活动。首先要为创新打造一个有利环境,包括完善的治理、稳定的宏观经济条件、透明的法律和监管体系、安全的产权和市场基础设施,此外还需要更多其他条件。应加大对农业研究与开发、推广和咨询服务的公共投资力度,并着力提高可持续性和中小型农场的生产率。研发和推广服务必须具备包容性,并迎合农民的需求。需要对教育和培训进行投资。创新能力还取决于建立有效的农民组织和各类网络和联系,让创新体系中的不同行为主体都能共享信息,努力实现共同目标。

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