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Book (series)How do extreme weather events affect livestock herders’ welfare? Evidence from Kyrgyzstan 2018
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No results found.This paper examines the impact of the harsh 2012 winter on livestock herding households in Kyrgyzstan and identifies policy options to increase household resilience to such shocks. While existing studies mostly focus on rainfall shocks in tropical or dry climate areas, this analysis examines the exceptionally harsh winter that hit Kyrgyzstan in 2012, which resulted in the death of 25 000 animals. Using a unique household panel survey, merged with observed temperature data, the analysis finds that, on average, the negative effects of the winter shock on household welfare are significant and persistent over time, leading to a 5 percent and a 8 percent decrease in households’ food consumption expenditure in the short- (2011–2013) and medium-run (2011–2016), respectively. When disaggregating by income quantiles, the evidence shows that negative impact is concentrated in the upper quantiles of the welfare distribution. Several policy options are identified as effective in mitigating the negative welfare impacts of the weather shock. First, supporting households to restock their herds following weather shocks is found to significantly improve medium-term welfare by 10 percent relative to those that did not restock. Restocking efforts can be addressed in a holistic manner that takes into account immediate household needs, while simultaneously building long-term resilience in the livestock sector. This may include mitigating animal losses through the development of local forage markets that increase the availability of winter forage, combined with efforts to improve the genetic pool of livestock species through breeding programmes that select for resiliency traits. Second, results show that households living in regions with higher access to public veterinary services had significantly better welfare outcomes following the winter shock. Improvements of veterinary services and strengthening community-based organizations focusing on livestock and pasture development may help herding households to cope with weather shocks. -
Policy briefStrengthening gender-responsive climate policies and actions in the livestock sector 2022
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No results found.About 600 million of the world’s poorest households keep livestock as an essential source of income and food production to manage risk, store wealth and build up assets. However, women face several constraints to ownership and decision-making power in the sector. Scaling up culturally acceptable and locally available solutions requires government intervention through intentional policies that can empower women. Further, more funds should be allocated to replicate successful gender-responsive and transformative projects and identify entry points to mainstream gender considerations into livestock policies. This brief showcases promising research and innovation, particularly from countries engaged through the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Flexible Multi-Partner Mechanism (FMM) 149 project. India and Botswana are highlighted as examples to inform policymakers and guide gender-responsive, climate-smart investments and policies in countries’ livestock sectors. This brief is part of a series. Other briefs on climate-smart agriculture, agrifood value chains, and aquaculture and fisheries are available. -
ProjectDevelopment of Young Herders' Training System to Support Good Livestock Husbandry Practices - TCP/MON/3806 2024
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No results found.Over the past 28 years, Mongolia’s annual gross domestic product rate has fluctuated between a contraction of 20 percent and a growth of 17 percent, reflecting the recurrent boom-and-bust cycles of economic growth. Economic diversification has been slow and the benefits of commodity booms have not been distributed evenly to reduce the growing inequality and persistent poverty. The incidence of poverty is higher in rural areas, where around one third of the population lives on income generated from livestock. Because of limited economic opportunities, harsh climatic conditions and insufficient social services, herders migrate to cities in search of better jobs and living conditions. Aggressive migration to urban areas and declining interest in livestock farming, especially among youth, is threatening the supply of labour force in the agriculture sector, where the percentage of herder households fell from 35 percent in 2000 to below 20 percent in 2019. As well as internal migration, youth are emigrating in search of better economic opportunities. In 2017, 1.5 percent of the total labour force out-migrated to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries.
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