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Guía de alumnos y alumnas séptimo año de enseñanza básica









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    Book (stand-alone)
    Technical book
    全球森林有害生物概况 ―《2005年全球森林资源评估》框架下的一份专题研究
    粮农组织林业文集156
    2012
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    森林是一个复杂的生态系统,为人类提供了有价值的产品和服务。森林具有重要的美学、社会和文化价值,并为维持农村社会的生计作出重要贡献。因此,保护这些资源免遭昆虫、病菌等有害生物的侵扰十分重要。有害生物可以对树木的生长、存活和长势,以及木材和非木材林产品的产量和质量带来消极的影响。同时,也会影响到野生动植物的栖息地及人们对森林的娱乐、美学诉求和森林的文化价值。有害生物也可能会阻碍人工林营造计划,导致人们必须放弃某些树种或大面积皆伐受感染的树木。有效的有害生物管理需要掌握大量有关有害生物的生物学、生态学和分布信息,以及它们对森林生态系统的影响和可能的控制措施,同时还需要加强国际合作。本书是少有的有关全球水平上森林有害生物全面分析的一本出版物。第一部分概括了对25个国家的森林有害生物专题研究的评估结果;第二部分对具有全球重要性的一些森林有害生物进行了概述;第三部分讨论了部分森林树种及与其相关联的有害生物。本书提供的信息有助于为全世界的森林健康专家、森林经营者和政策制定者提供决策依据。
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    Policy brief
    Policy brief
    Tenure rights in large-scale and artisanal mining
    Implications of the Tenure Guidelines
    2021
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    In taking a comprehensive approach to issues of tenure, the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (VGGT) offer an opportunity to promote systemic governance reform and respect for land and resource rights, while clarifying the different roles of States, businesses and social actors. The VGGT do not directly cover mineral resources but they clarify that States may wish to consider the governance of mineral resources in their efforts to implement the VGGT. They also provide guidance on tenure rights to land, fisheries and forests, which are often affected by mining operations. Yet, the VGGT’s relevance to the mining sector has often been overlooked. This legal brief explores how implementing the VGGT could help address recurring challenges affecting the mining sector.