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ArticleThe effects of socio-economic characteristics on willingness to pay for conservation of community forest, Myanmar
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.In poor and developing countries, rural people rely on the forest resources for their livelihood. Thus, their participation in forest management activities and their demographic characteristics are vital for achieving sustainable development objectives, particularly within the context of co-management of forest resources. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation of forest and to assess the benefits contributes by community forestry to members of forest user group. It was a case study of Maing-thauk community forest (MTCF), which was selected based on the following criteria: official certification, > 10 years’ forest management experience, with one forest consisting of different users and watershed conservation practices. Using the semi-structured questionnaire, responses on socio-demographic, willingness and expectation of forest management for long term questions were obtained from randomly selected households (i.e., 35% of the total households who are involved in the management of MTCF). The distance from forest and purposes of extraction of forest products and services significantly influence on WTP for conservation of forest. The significant influence of Ethnicity, gender and education level of forest users varied depending on the onetime payment and long-term payment. The results of this study provide important information to promote sustainable forest management with people participation reducing poverty and conflicts between forest users and authorized organizations in management of forest area and resources. Keywords: community forestry, willingness to pay, socio-demographic characteristics, people participation, Myanmar ID: 3623495 -
ArticleIncreasing legality compliance amongst forest sector MSMEs: creating an enabling environment for responsible forest product trade and socio-economic recovery
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) play a critical role in meeting the growing demand for forest products worldwide, with potential to contribute to responsible supply chains that combat illegal logging while promoting economic growth. However, MSMEs have been challenged by the emergence of regulated markets requiring verified legal timber, which involve more stringent regulatory compliance and additional up-front costs. Recognizing the need to ensure MSMEs can benefit from – and are not penalized by – the responsible forest trade, the FAO-EU FLEGT Programme supported 100+ projects in 20 countries between 2016 and 2021 that sought to improve MSME capacity to supply legal timber. These projects employed several strategies: • Increasing MSME legal compliance through capacity building, mentoring and technical assistance; • Formalizing MSMEs to achieve legal status and access to benefits such as credit, training programs, and labour protections. • Strengthening associations that represent MSMEs and provide technical and financial assistance; • Reducing the regulatory burden through the simplification of existing legal frameworks; and • Integrating MSMEs into responsible value chains by linking with buyers or manufacturers. The Programme analyzed the impacts of these projects to determine best practices for supporting MSMEs atscale. It was found that the formation of associations was the most impactful intervention for helping MSMEs to formalize and produce legal timber. Capacity-building efforts also must integrate business skill development with training on legality compliance. The paper discusses options for further deployment of these strategies at scale, emphasizing the importance of building an “ecosystem of support” by forming a variety of mutually supporting partnerships. This will be central to assisting MSMEs negatively impacted by COVID-19 imposed lockdowns and economic slowdown. Keywords: Illegal logging, timber trade, small and medium-sized enterprises, forest governance, responsible markets ID:3486686 -
ArticleNetwork and knowledge transmission for climate change on a non-timber forestry product in an era of depopulation, shiitake produced in sawtooth oak trees at Kunisaki GIAHS site
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Climate change is disturbing forests and other ecosystems at a global scale. It could affect how foresters, forest owners, and other related actors manage the forests and conduct their daily lives. This also applies to the producers and strategies of collectors of non-timber forestry products (NTFPs). This study examines, “How climate change affects NTFP producers and strategies of collectors? How resilient are their mitigation and adaption measures for forests and forest communities?” The shiitake, Lentinula edodes, produced in lower temperature are more valuable in market price but are facing challenges. We interviewed veteran producers of shiitake mushroom in Kunisaki City, Oita Prefecture, Japan for the period of June to September 2020. They produce shiitake in the forests of sawtooth oak trees, Quercus acutissima, in a site of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS). In this GIAHS site, the forests retain water and provide water for the irrigation pond system. Shiitake producers underpin this GIAHS system through participating in forest management and food supply. They cut the trees of about 15 years old and utilize the logs for shiitake production inside the forests. The branches of the cut trees are put to cover and humidify the logs until the fungus of shiitake spreads inside the logs. As shiitake production sustains the livelihoods of the producers in the depopulated society, the production maintains the forests for the centuries. The producers are adapting to the heats and frequent typhoons by countermeasures; for example, with the temperature increased, a producer wonders how much they keep producing shiitake which sprouts at low temperature. They also sprinkle more water to cool the inoculated logs. This study explores how traditional knowledge is changing or adapting to climate change and how they are transmitted. Keywords: Adaptive and integrated management, Climate change, Economic Development, Food systems, Knowledge management ID: 3486707
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