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Book (series)Technical studyReview of the current state of world aquaculture insurance 2006
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Due to the rapidly changing production processes in aquaculture worldwide (e.g. submergible cages, sea ranching, intensification, aquaponics and recirculation systems), which sometimes increase vulnerability to disease outbreaks and which generally require large investments from aquaculturists, over the last decades the demand for insurance to share and cover the risks involved has increased significantly within the aquaculture sector. Risk management is increasingly gaining attention within the aquaculture sector, which is reflected in the development and increasing implementation of Better Management Practices (BMPs), Codes of Conduct and Codes of Good Practice, Standard Operational Procedures, certification and traceability. Aquaculture insurance is one of the tools used in aquaculture risk management, but there is considerable ignorance within the aquaculture industry about its availability, the process of obtaining insurance cover, especially on aquaculture stock mortality, and th e constraints to insurers providing its services. A review study was carried out in early 2005 and covered the main aquaculture-producing countries worldwide. Seven syntheses (China, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania) were prepared, discussing the specificities of their situation with regard to aquaculture insurance. A summary of the syntheses was made, together with conclusions and clear recommendations at various levels to increase the contribution of aquaculture insurance to the sustainable management and development of the aquaculture sector. Some of the main conclusions of the review study are the following: the demand for aquaculture insurance has never been as high as it is now; there is a widening gap between the demand for and supply of aquaculture insurance in the world; the number of aquaculture insurance policies in force is estimated at around 8 000 worldwide; some regions (sub-Saharan Africa, South America and large parts of Asia) are barely covered by aquaculture insurance services; aquaculture insurance policies in force in Asia are generally of the “named perils” type, while those in other regions are often of the “all risks” type; while the range of species and culture systems covered under aquaculture policies worldwide is diverse, many insurers only focus on a small number of traditional aquaculture species and are reluctant to include “new” species and culture systems; reinsurance possibilities are important both for introducing aquaculture insurance activities in a country and for developing and disseminating the service; the underwriting experiences of aquaculture insurance companies largely differ among companies and regions and from year to year; since the start of the new millennium it seems that experiences are improving and that aquaculture insurance activity is becoming profitable; mutual insurance schemes in aquaculture are still insignificant; the lack of enabling policies and regulatory framew orks for aquaculture and fisheries insurance is negatively affecting the development of insurance services and the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector; and asymmetric information, moral hazard and adverse selection remain among the major constraints to undertake aquaculture insurance activities for international and national insurance companies, which negatively influence the results of new entrants in the aquaculture insurance sector during the first few years of business. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical reportReport of the workshop on development of aquaculture insurance system for small-scale farmers, Bangkok, Thailand, 20-21 September 2016 2017
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No results found.The regional workshop “Development of Aquaculture Insurance System for Small-scale Farmers” 20–21 September 2016, Bangkok, was joined by participants from China, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. It contains two parts. The first aimed at answering the question, “What would make insurance available for and accessible to small-scale farmers?” The second was focused on exploring potential shrimp insurance schemes. The Workshop achieved the following outcomes: (1) made farmers, farmer advisers, re searchers and academics more familiar with the business and technical requirements of insurers, (2) made insurers become more familiar with the circumstances and needs of farmers, (3) confirmed that insurers continue to view aquaculture as a high-risk industry, (4) highlighted the need to incorporate risk assessment and management in the development of better farm management practices in line with the requirements of insurance, and (5) confirmed the usefulness of bundling financial products in t he development of institutional services for farmers. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical studyReview of the current state of world capture fisheries insurance 2009
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No results found.This publication provides an overview of the current status of capture fisheries insurance in the world. It presents the findings of a number of regional and national review desk studies carried out between December 2006 and January 2008 covering China, Japan and India in Asia, Europe, Africa, the United States of America in North America, South America, Oceania and the Russian Federation. A summary synthesis of the studies is included along with information about the insurance marke t, demand and supply issues, perils covered, vessels insured, risk management methods applied and underwriting experiences. It contains conclusions and practical recommendations for improvement of capture fisheries insurance services and for increasing access to and availability of fisheries insurance for small- and medium-scale fishers in developing countries.
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Book (series)Flagship2020年世界粮食安全和营养状况
实现粮食体系转型，保障经济型健康膳食
2020由于更新了很多国家的数据，今年我们能更精确地对世界饥饿状况进行估算。尤其是新数据的出现帮助我们对中国2000年以来所有食物不足系列年度估计数进行了重新修订，大幅调低了世界食物不足人数。尽管如此，修订后的数字仍印证了以往几期报告中提出的趋势：全球饥饿人口数量自2014年起一直呈缓慢增加趋势。报告还显示，各种形式营养不良带来的负担依然是一项挑战。虽然在儿童发育迟缓、低出生体重和纯母乳喂养相关方面已取得一定进展，但进展速度依然过慢。在所有区域，儿童超重问题尚未得到改善，成人肥胖问题则不断加重。本报告除了对粮食安全和营养状况进行常规评估外，还增加了在假设过去十年趋势持续不变的情况下，对2030年世界前景的预测。预测结果表明，我们的世界难以到2030年实现零饥饿目标，同时，尽管已经取得一定进展，但多数指标表明我们也无法实现全球营养目标。由于COVID-19疫情对健康和社会经济造成影响，多数弱势群体的粮食安全和营养状况很可能进一步恶化。本报告聚焦于膳食质量，将其视为粮食安全和营养之间的关键联系。要想实现可持续发展目标2项下的各项目标，就必须保证人人都能获得充足的食物，同时还要吃得起营养食物。报告还新增了对不同区域、不同发展背景下世界各地健康膳食的成本和经济可负担性的分析。报告对当前食物消费方式的健康和气候变化相关成本进行估值，并介绍一旦转向有助于可持续性的健康膳食后可能节约的成本。报告最后探讨粮食系统转型相关政策和战略，以确保人们能够负担得起健康膳食，从而为消除饥饿和一切形式营养不良做出贡献。 -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
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No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading: