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Soil conservation: Contour ploughing, Grenada








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    Establishing grass barriers along the contour to reduce water runoff and erosion during heavy rainfall, Grenada 2012
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    The agricultural sector in Caribbean islands such as Grenada is extremely vulnerable to storms and hurricanes. Establishing grass barriers along the contour can help in reducing water runoff and erosion during heavy rainfall. Grass barriers provide erosion control on croplands and offer a cheaper and more sustainable alternative to terraces in areas where soil degradation is highly likely. This system reduces surface runoff by promoting detention and infiltration, diverts runoff to a stable outlet and helps entrapping sediment-borne and soluble contaminants. This practice describes how to establish a grass barrier.
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    Mechanical soil conservation strategies to reduce soil erosion in Dominica 2014
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    In Dominica, natural disasters, such as storms and heavy rainfalls, regularly occur and have a direct impact on its agricultural sector. Therefore, mechanical soil conservation strategies are important management practices for crop production. These strategies use methodologies that include the use of bunds, terraces, waterways / drainage channels, and other structures, for example vegetative barriers, or stone / rock lines. Thereby, the structures are so installed as to break the force of winds or decrease the velocity of runoff to reduce soil erosion. Barriers can be constructed with live material, such as plants, dead material, such as rocks, or with a mixture of both materials. For an illustration of different on-farm erosion control strategies see the pictures attached to this practice.
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    Mulching to control soil erosion in Dominica 2014
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    Natural hazards, such as storms, hurricanes, and heavy rains, directly impact agricultural productivity and production in Dominica, leading to landslides and soil erosion, among others. In order to better mitigate the impacts of these hazards and prevent soil erosion, mulching can be used to protect and conserve the soil, and reduce erosion by water and wind. Mulching is a very simple and beneficial practice where organic material, such as crop residues and weeds, or inorganic material, like plastic sheets, is spread over the soil surface.

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