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ArticleGrowth and physiological acclimation to shade in young plants of Adesmia bijuga Phil., critically endangered species in central Chile
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Adesmia bijuga Phil. is an endemic and endangered shrub species of central Chile. Its potential shade intolerance is one of the leading hypotheses for its vigor loss when the species grows beneath closed canopies. In this study we aimed to assess growth and physiological acclimation to shade in young of A. bijuga plants. A nursery experiment was established with three light levels based on the interception of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) (TRT0: control at full sun, TRT60: 60% shaded, and TRT90: 90% shaded), and maintained for 71 days during the summer season. Growth and leaf morpho-physiological responses were evaluated at the beginning, at the middle, and at the end of the experiment. The shading treatment increased plant height (H) and live crown percentage (Lcrown) compared to the control treatment at full sun. However, light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Amax), dark respiration rate (Rd), and light compensation point (Gi) were higher in TRT60 than in the other treatments.No differences were found among treatments for the apparent quantum yield (α). At this stage of plant development, our results suggest high acclimation plasticity of A. bijuga to light levels; however, a semi-shade environment (i.e., TRT60) favored a better performance of the species. Keywords: Shade tolerance, photosynthesis, light acclimation, forest restoration. ID: 3624055 -
ArticleEconomic drivers of global fire activity: A critical review
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The special issue on Fire$: Economics and policy of global fire activities in the journal Forest Policy and Economics, was organized as part of the Task Force initiative of the International Union of Forest Research Organization (IUFRO). The special issue endeavored to provide specific and practical economic guidelines that help deal with the wicked problem of managing wildland fire risks with much needed insights from the global South. We present the critical review of economic drivers of global fire activities with the key insights from other papers in the special issue. Overall decline of global burned area paradoxically hides a number of economic realities that have increased the likelihood and costs of wildfire-caused disasters. We identified global patterns of worsening wildfire risks with the double-exposure to globalization and climate change. Current developments call for a paradigm shift in how we understand and manage wildfires to promote an adaptation-mitigation-resilience strategy. We propose expanding the science-policy interface to global scale with new indicators for assessing and communicating the impacts of global economic drivers on wildfire activities. We also identified the areas where research is lacking, highlighting future research areas in wildfire economics to advance effective, efficient, and equitable global governance of wildfires. Keywords: Wildfire economics; Disaster risk reduction; Altered fire regimes; Teleconnections; Global economy ID: 3485977 -
ArticleImprovement of the forest cover-changes cartography from global forest change for critical deforestation regions in Mexico. Case of the Lacandona Region 2014-2021
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global Forest Change (GFC) is a global monitoring system with moderate resolution (Landsat, 30 m pixel) that allows knowing the location and magnitude of the losses or gains of global forest cover. Critical Forest Change (CFC) is a calibration system based on comprehensive photo interpretation (1:10,000 scale for change editing, and 1:5,000 scale for interpretation- confirmation of change strata), with diagnostic criteria supported by field data of the National Forest Inventory (scale 1:1, period 2014-2021). CFC reduces until 85.8% the overestimation of the forest loss of GFC in the case of the Lacandona Region (327,646 ha). The process included the analysis of data at 330 study sites and the interpretation of 1,190 frames of Spot-6 (April 28, 2014) versus Sentinel-2 (April 24, 2021) in higher resolution (10 m). The annual rate of forest loss obtained by GFC (4,526 ha.yr-1) is 1.87 times higher than the LFC rate (2,415 ha.yr-1). Through a comparative analysis between the cartography of GFC and CFC, it was possible to identify that 19.2% of the differences correspond to phenological changes (leaf fall deciduous, greenness variation, or alteration of the biomass due to eventual changes in humidity). 31.3% by Landsat spatial resolution limitations, 3.8% occurs in changes by industrial plantations, 11.6% of the differences can reduce by eliminating the GFC residuals outside the forest FAO definition (changes less than 0.5 ha), 7.4% of the differences correspond to atmospheric noise in the interpreted images, 6.8% to visual omissions and 19.9% there are no changes by interpretation. The cartographic adjustment of GFC by CFC is relatively fast (1,000 ha.hr-1 per photointerpreter-expert). Its implementation improves the spatial coherence, periodicity, and legibility of the areas of change, strengthening the relevance of both systems in local policy decisions. Cartographic results of this work are available at http://selvalacandona.ecosur.ourecosystem.com Keywords: Selva Lacandona; Critical Forest Change; Global Forest Change; Forest Monitoring; Deforestation. ID: 3624121
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