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ArticleInvasive alien plants, insect pests and pathogens in Planted and Natural forests in Nepal: Key lessons from an online survey on distribution and impacts
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Owing to its diverse climatic and topographic condition, Nepal hosts diverse forests and rich biodiversity which provide a variety of ecosystem goods and services. Spread of invasive alien plants, insect pests and pathogens (IAS) has been contributing to degrading forest ecosystem services in Nepal. This study outlined the status, distribution and impact of IAS on forest ecosystem using an online survey among forest officers and forest technicians across Nepal. Invasion and management of pests and diseases is quite limited and under-reported, while the management measures on IAPs are growing. Raising awareness at individual and community levels and capacity building among three levels of government (local, provincial and federal) aids sustainable management of IAS and supports continuous delivery of forest goods and services. Keywords: IAS, biological invasions, severity of damages, control measures, forest health ID: 3486929 -
DocumentSmell the disease - Developing rapid, high-throughput and non-destructive screening methods for early detection of alien invasive forest pathogens and pests featuring next-generation technologies
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global forests are increasingly threatened by alien invasive pathogens and pests. The magnitude of this threat is expected to further increase in the future, due to the warmer climate and more extensive global transports and trade of plants. Pests and pathogens are often introduced to new areas by trade with ornamental plants as intermediate hosts, and there is a great need to modernize the tools for detection of alien species in imported plants and in monitoring of those that are already established in our forests. To achieve this goal, research in forest pathology is focused on combining recent technological advances in robotics, next generation sequencing, and mass spectroscopic methods with knowledge about the specific metabolic responses in the pests and pathogens and the trees that they infest. Gas Chromatography (GC) Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) adsorbed on Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) fibers is one promising method with potential for high-throughput detection of larger plant shipments. By the establishment of a library of chemical fingerprints characterizing specific pests and pathogens, one could non-destructively scan a large number of plants in ports or nurseries to eliminate presence of disease. The species-specific combination of VOCs can be utilized to prevent introduction of harmful pests and pathogens to new markets. One pathogen considered as a quarantine species and a serious threat on-the-horizon for coniferous forests is Pine Pitch Canker (PPC), a fungal pathogen affecting a variety of pine species with devastating economical and biological consequences, especially if it were to be established in a country like Sweden where about 38% of the standing forest volume consist of pine. Pathogens like this one are already introduced in several European countries, and need to be monitored and identified early to prevent further forest damage – a challenge that Forest pathologists have accepted. Keywords: Climate change, Sustainable forest management, Research, Monitoring and data collection, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3499048 -
ArticleAssessment of tropical forest structure, ecological networks, and species extinction in Nigeria lowland forest and Cameroun coastal lowland forest
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Tropical forest structure is a significant defining component of the forest, the complex interaction within the components supports a substantial population of flora and fauna besides storing more than half of the terrestrial aboveground biomass. Furthermore, the plants and animal species habiting the tropical forest make up one-third of the world`s biodiversity which also functions as a buffer in shielding humans from zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19. The research was carried out in the Cross River-Korup Taka Manda (CRIKOT) National Park and Omo-Sasha-Oluwa Forest Complex ecoregion which covers southern Nigeria, and southwestern Cameroon. The study estimated carbon stock estimates from 3 -meter quad polarized ALOS 2 PALSAR 2 data, validated the estimates with field measurements and biophysical metrics derived from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) L2B lidar waveform. This is in addition to the investigation of ecological networks with canopy height metrics, canopy cover metrics Plant Area Diversity (PAD), and Plant Area Index (PAI). The study discovered a mean carbon stock estimate of 136 tonnes /ha-1 from field measurements and a range of 1. 5 to 132 tonnes / ha-1 from SAR. The biophysical metrics from GEDI L2B lidar waveform (Canopy Cover, PAD, PAI, and Canopy Height) describe dense structures with a high level of biodiversity and productivity. These findings could aid in the monitoring of forest productivity and policy goals, as well as considerably improve the depiction of plant canopies in dynamic vegetation and land surface models, allowing us to better understand the carbon cycle and ecological systems. Keywords: Tropical Forest structure, Climate change, Biodiversity conservation, Deforestation and forest degradation, Zoonotic disease, Human health, and well-being. ID: 3476824
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