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The Niger | Response overview (May 2020)

Year of publication 2020

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 2p.

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) Increased violence in bordering regions with Burkina Faso, Mali and Nigeria, and intercommunal conflict have caused an unprecedented humanitarian crisis in the Niger along with higher levels of food insecurity and malnutrition. Poor distribution of rains, delayed rains and absence of rains, depending on the area, have resulted in an 11.3-million tonne fodder deficit, significantly disrupting the livelihoods of pastoral households, which are already affected by restricted access to traditional grazing grounds in neighbouring countries due to increased insecurity. The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the related restrictive measures put in place in response to the pandemic have further exacerbated the vulnerability of rural and urban households. In the context of the pandemic, it is crucial to support vulnerable farmers in the preparation of off-season and irrigated crop production activities, as well as in terms of food processing and conservation, marketing and to reduce food production losses.

Language English

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    Increased insecurity and intercommunal conflict in the Niger have exacerbated existing vulnerabilities linked to the effects of natural disasters, epidemic diseases, plant pests and structural issues, causing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis in the country. In addition, the arrival of about 218 260 refugees fleeing violence in Nigeria and Mali are increasing pressure on local populations’ already limited resources. Tensions between farmers and herders persist, leading to the displacement of thousands of people both within the Niger, particularly in the Diffa and southeastern regions, and to neighbouring countries. These factors have hampered agricultural and pastoral activities. While the latest Cadre Harmonisé analysis (November 2019) indicated higher levels of food insecurity and malnutrition, with over 1.9 million people projected to be facing severe acute food insecurity during the upcoming lean season (June–August 2020), providing livelihood support to vulnerable pastoral and agropastoral households is crucial to safeguard livelihoods and prevent the worsening of this unprecedented crisis.
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    The recent escalation of armed violence in the Niger and increased inter‑community conflict in the border areas with Burkina Faso, Mali and Nigeria have caused an unprecedented humanitarian crisis in the country and higher levels of food insecurity among local populations. There has been a sudden increase in violence in northwestern Nigeria as result of the intensification of violent attacks by armed and organized bandits. In addition, tensions between farmers and herders persist in the region as a consequence of cattle thefts. These conditions have led to the displacement of thousands of people, who have fled to the Niger’s Maradi region, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities. Natural disasters, plant diseases and epidemics are also affecting the population’s food security. Bad to medium harvests are projected for millet and sorghum production in 2019 in certain areas due to poor and erratic distribution of rainfall. In August 2019, the pastoral situation was marked by unfavorable conditions for good forage production, particularly in northern Diffa, centre-west of Tillabéry and Tahoua. According to the latest Cadre Harmonisé analysis (November 2019), if adequate assistance is not provided, over 1.9 million people will be severely food insecure next year (June–August 2020). Providing livelihood support to vulnerable pastoral and agropastoral households is crucial to strengthen their resilience and prevent the worsening of this unprecedented crisis.
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    On 25 March 2020, the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Mali, in a context already marked by a security crisis and where the Government had just declared a state of emergency due to the deteriorating food security and nutrition situation. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, agricultural production in the country was affected by increased conflict caused by armed groups and intercommunity clashes, in the northern and central regions. During the 2017/18 and 2018/19 agricultural seasons, adverse weather conditions also led to large fodder deficits in the Sahelian strip, thus increasing the pressure on fodder resources. Following the first cases of COVID-19 reported in Mali, the Government put in place a series of urgent and essential health‑related containment measures, including border closures, a curfew for two weeks, no gatherings of more than 50 people and closed all schools. While market activity and movement of goods have not been restricted, logistical constraints and delays have accumulated. For many rural households, the pandemic and related necessary restrictions took place during a key period (April–June) with the harvesting of irrigated rice, the preparation of fields and the return of transhumant herders In the framework of FAO’s Corporate COVID-19 Response and Recovery Programme and the United Nations Global Humanitarian Response Plan for COVID-19, FAO has revised its humanitarian response for 2020 to mitigate the effects of the pandemic and address the needs of the most vulnerable households.
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