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Book (stand-alone)GuidelineRegional Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Guidelines for the development of heat disinfestation treatments of fruit fly host commodities 2004
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No results found.Phytosanitary measures are often required for imported commodities to prevent the introduction of quarantine pests. Such measures need to be appropriate for a specific commodity and effective against the quarantine pests of that commodity. Among the options available, heat treatment is regarded as one the measures that is environmentally friendly and free from residues. Endorsed by the twenty-third session of the Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission (APPPC) held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in August 2003, these guidelines describe methods for identifying and developing appropriate heat disinfestation treatments against quarantine fruit flies in host commodities traded by APPPC member countries. Regional standards for phytosanitary measures are developed and adopted by APPPC as part of the plant protection programme of the Commission's contracting parties to support regional harmonization and facilitate trade of commodities by member countries. -
BookletGuidelineGeneral guidelines to facilitate the opening of international markets for fruits and vegetables that are fruit fly hosts based on International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures 2022
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The key to opening markets in the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement) and the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) framework, is to focus on the pest risk, and especially on all the factors contributing to risk and mitigating risk. There is often a tendency to begin with legacy concepts and requirements that were based on assumptions of high risk rather than begin with a fresh view of the evidence and an objective analysis of the risk. By breaking from the dogma of historical designs to embrace the opportunities for innovation created by the WTO-SPS-IPPC framework, researchers and regulators are able to create regulatory designs that more closely align with the concept of rational relationship and conform to relevant standards. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookRegional Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Requirements for the establishment and maintenance of pest free areas for tephritid fruit flies 2005
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No results found.This standard describes the requirements for establishing and maintaining a fruit fly pest free area. The target pests for this standard include insects of the order Diptera, family Tephritidae. The establishment of a fruit fly pest free area and its recognition by trading partners implies that no other phytosanitary measures are required for the target species of fruit fly for host commodities sourced from within the fruit fly pest free area if the phytosanitary integrity of the host commodi ty is maintained throughout harvest, sorting, storage, packaging and transport. This standard was endorsed by the twenty-fourth session of the Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission (APPPC) held in Bangkok, Thailand in September 2005. Regional standards for phytosanitary measures are developed and adopted by APPPC as part of the plant protection programme of the Commission's contracting parties to support regional harmonization and facilitate trade of commodities by member countries.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookGlobal Forest Resources Assessment 2020
Main report
2020FAO completed its first assessment of the world’s forest resources in 1948. At that time, its major objective was to collect information on available timber supply to satisfy post-war reconstruction demand. Since then, the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) has evolved into a comprehensive evaluation of forest resources and their condition, management and uses, covering all the thematic elements of sustainable forest management. This, the latest of these assessments, examines the status of, and trends in, forest resources over the period 1990–2020, drawing on the efforts of hundreds of experts worldwide. The production of FRA 2020 also involved collaboration among many partner organizations, thereby reducing the reporting burden on countries, increasing synergies among reporting processes, and improving data consistency. The results of FRA 2020 are available in several formats, including this report and an online database containing the original inputs of countries and territories as well as desk studies and regional and global analyses prepared by FAO. I invite you to use these materials to support our common journey towards a more sustainable future with forests. -
Book (stand-alone)Manual / guideProcessing of fresh-cut tropical fruits and vegetables: A technical guide 2010
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No results found.There has been a marked upward trend in production and consumption of fruits and vegetables in Asia and the Pacific in recent years. Along with rising consumer demand has come greater awareness of food safety issues and increased need for convenience and quality. Selection of high quality horticultural produce for processing and implementation of good practices during processing operations are required to assure both the quality of the produce and the safety of the final product. This technical guide reviews, from a theoretical and practical perspective, the critical issues that must be addressed for fresh-cut produce to meet consumer demand for convenience, quality and safety. A case study on fresh-cut processing in Thailand is included. The guide should be of practical value to small processors, trainers and extension workers who provide support to individuals engaged in production of fresh-cut tropical produce for sale.