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No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical bookEnvironmental Impact Assessment (Volume I) of Livestock Production in Grassland and Mixed Rainfed Systems in Temperate Zones and Grassland and Mixed-Rainfed Systems in Humid and Subhumid Tropic and Subtropic Zones (Except Africa)
Volume I - Executive Summary, Delineation of Zones-Production Systems and Appendix
1996Also available in:
No results found.Concerns about degradation of forests and other natural resources, growing awareness about potentially adverse climate changes, and a greater consciousness worldwide about the need for protection of the earth’s environment have led to increased attention on agricultural and animal husbandry practices. These concerns are a natural and predictable reaction as human population continues to increase at unparalleled numbers each year. For example, in 1950 there were just 2.5 billion people in the wor ld. Forty years later, in 1990, this planet had 5 billion. By 2025 human population is expected to reach 8.5 billion people. In just seventy-five years-the life span of an average person in an economically developed country-population will have increased more than it did in all the previous history of the world. Little wonder that agricultural scientists as well as non-agriculturalists feel the time has come to take bold action to save our remaining forest habitat, prevent and even reverse land degradation, and develop a plan which will assure future generations of sustainable agricultural practices. This report focuses on worldwide livestock grazing and mixed farming systems in Temperate and Humid-Subhumid Tropic and Subtropic Agroecological Zones. Excluded are all lands of Africa, all Tropical Highlands, and Arid and Semiarid Tropics and Subtropics. The scope of this focus is massive as it includes 60 percent of the world’s people, 50 percent of the pasture land, 65 percent of t he arable land, 59 percent of the world’s cattle, 44 percent of the sheep and goats, as well as similar proportions of other forage-consuming animals. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical bookEnvironmental Impact Assessment (Volume II) of Livestock Production in Grassland and Mixed Rainfed Systems in Temperate Zones and Grassland and Mixed-Rainfed Systems in Humid and Subhumid Tropic and Subtropic Zones (Except Africa)
Volume II - Grassland-based Systems in Temperate Zones (LGT)
1996Also available in:
No results found.Livestock grazing systems in true temperate zones (LGT) are most prevalent in Asia, with China and Mongolia having 60 percent of the agricultural land and 74 percent of the population in the LGT. There are also significant amounts of LGT pasture land in southern Argentina, northwestern United States, Canada, Turkey, and southeastern Australia (Table II.1). This AZ-LS category also represents significant portions of the total pasture land in several smaller countries, e.g., New Zealand and Chile. Agricultural lands are predominately pasture (only 7 percent arable) and relatively sparsely populated with 3.9 ha/capita overall. However, there is a great deal of variation in population density among countries such as China, Iran, Turkey, and Chile, which have densities of less than 2 ha/capita. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)Technical bookEnvironmental Impact Assessment (Volume III) of Livestock Production in Grassland and Mixed Rainfed Systems in Temperate Zones and Grassland and Mixed-Rainfed Systems in Humid and Subhumid Tropic and Subtropic Zones (Except Africa)
Volume III - Grassland-based Systems in Humid and Subhumid Tropic and Subtropic Zones (LGH)
1996Also available in:
No results found.Livestock grazing systems in humid areas (LGH) are most prevalent in South America where countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, and Paraguay account for 62.6 percent of the agricultural land in the LGH (see Table III.1). China, Australia, and the U.S. account for the remainder with 70 percent of the LGH human population and 18 percent of its agricultural land in China. This category represents about 75 percent of the livestock grazing systems in humid zones worldwide with the remaining 2 5 percent in Africa. The agricultural land in the LGH is 88 percent pastureland but is rather densely populated at the rate of 1.9 ha/capita overall and 0.5 ha/capita for China. The LGH represents about 13 percent of the world’s pastureland and accounts for 12 percent of the world’s cattle, and 6.4 percent of its sheep and goats (Table III.2). As with the agricultural land, South America accounts for the majority of the LGH cattle (83 percent) and sheep (57 percent). However, most of the go ats (57 percent) are found in China. Significant numbers of sheep are found in Australia and China. Livestock feed demand (based on livestock unit equivalents) for the three types of livestock in the LGH comes primarily from cattle (89 percent).
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
ArticleJournal articleNurturing Soil Life through Agroforestry – The Roles of Trees in the Ecological Intensification of Agriculture 2023
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No results found.Soil resources constitute the very foundation of agriculture, so sustainable agriculture is inherently dependent on soil health. Soil health reflects the capacity of soil to respond beneficially to agricultural management, maintaining both agricultural production and the provision of varying ecosystem services, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity conservation in the long term. Soil health depends on the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the soil that are required for plant growth and development. Ecological intensification differs from current strategies for agricultural intensification by embracing agroecological transitions to more sustainable agriculture and food systems. This chapter discusses the pivotal role that trees play in building and maintaining the soil health and functional resilience that are required for the ecological intensification of agriculture. It summarizes the current knowledge about functions and impacts of trees on soil health, and highlights the tree/soil biodiversity interactions that drive these functions. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.