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Establishment of seed zones based on native plant species

XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022

Year of publication 2022

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 8p.

Author Kim, C. Y., Kim, W. M., Song, W. K., Choi, J. Y.

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Article

Synopsis (short abstract) Since forest ecosystems constitute a complex ecosystem, the health of the ecosystem must be maintained. Seed zones are areas of relative climatic similarity, and movement of seeds within them should help minimize maladaptation. This study intends to build Korean seed zones by applying the US seed zone construction method.In the United States, winter minimum temperature and annual heat: moisture index (AH:M; aridity) were used to construct seed zones. Climate data for the entire Korean Peninsula was provided by Worldclim. Winter minimum temperature was determined as the minimum value per cell from December through February and was classified into 5°F (2.2°C) bands ranging from <-15° to >35°F (-26.1 to 1.6°C). The AH:M data is average temperature (°C) plus 15°C (to obtain positive values) divided by precipitation in meters. The AH:M map was divided into six discrete classes (<–16, 16–19, 19–21, 21–24, 24–27, >27). Korean provisional seed zones of 65 climatic zones were formed by overlapping both maps. Five native plant species were selected to test correspondence with the provisional seed zones. For Pine(Pinus Densiflora), Oak(Quercus acutissima), Oyster oak(Quercus variabilis), the winter minimum temperature of 15– 20°F and the AH:M of 19–21 and 21–24°C/m accounted for 37%, 43%, and 34%, respectively. Due to the latent habitat area of fern wood(Acer pictum subsp. mono), the Maxent AUC was 0.844, showing a high fit. The winter minimum temperature of 20–25°F and AH:M of 16–19°C/m accounted for 42%. Due to the latent habitat of hornbeam(Carpinus tschonoskii), Maxent AUC was 0.930, showing high accuracy. The winter minimum temperature of 25–30°F and AH:M of <16°C/m occupied 33%. In this study, provisional Korean seed zones were established and their association with five native plant species was identified. This study will be used to define initial seed zones and identify seed zones inhabiting similar climatic zones. Keywords: Provisional seed zones; Climate variables; Ecosystem; MaxEnt; Korean Peninsula ID: 3623161

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    The global seed industry is worth 51 trillion won, and the Korean seed industry is 800 billion won. Among them, the seed industry in the forest sector accounts for 2.5% of the total, but information on plants used for forest restoration is insufficient. Currently, the supply of seeds for plant material for forest restoration is insufficient. However, the number of important plant seeds being imported continues to grow. Therefore, a lot of research and development of the forest restoration material industry are needed to secure the seeds of native plants for forest restoration. In particular, for systematic seed production and supply, a species selection strategy and seed germination characteristics analysis are required for plant material for forest restoration. This study was carried out in accordance with the 'Notice on the Supply of Native Plants and Natural Materials for Forest Restoration (20.09.07; Korea Forest Service). We collected native plant seeds to restore damaged forests and conducted a characterization study on the collected species. As a result of seed collection, 138 points of 49 species were collected from Jeollanam-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, and Jeju. Among them, 5 gymnosperms and 133 angiosperms were included. Voucher specimens and image data information of the collected species were accumulated. As a result of seed characterization, Quercus acuta Thunb. and Carpinus turczaninowii Hance. showed a lot of abortive grains, but most showed high full seed rate. According to the results of the tetrazolium test, most species except for Quercus acuta Thunb, Machilus thunbergii S. et Z. and Carpinus turczaninowii Hance had vitality. In particular, Mallotus japonicus (L.f.) Müll.Arg. and Raphiolepis indica var. umbellate showed the highest vitality as both the full seed rate and germination rate were over 50%. This study will be useful as data for collecting native plant resources and establishing a seed supply system for restoration of damaged forests. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation ID: 3623076
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    Prediction of distribution changes of carpinus laxiflora and C. tschonoskii based on climate change scenarios using MaxEnt model in the Republic of Korea
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    Hornbeams (Carpinus spp.), which are widely distributed in South Korea, are recognized as one of the most abundant species at climax stage in the temperate forests. Although the distribution and vegetation structure of the C. laxiflora community have been reported, little ecological information of C. tschonoskii is available. Little effort was made to examine the distribution shift of these species under the future climate conditions. This study was conducted to predict potential shifts in the distribution of C. laxiflora and C. tschonoskii in 2050s and 2090s under the two sets of climate change scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The MaxEnt model was used to predict the spatial distribution of two species using the occurrence data derived from the 6th National Forest Inventory data as well as climate and topography data. It was found that the main factors for the distribution of C. laxiflora were elevation, temperature seasonality, and mean annual precipitation. The distribution of C. tschonoskii, was influenced by temperature seasonality, mean annual precipitation, and mean diurnal rang. It was projected that the total habitat area of the C. laxiflora could increase by 1.05% and 1.11% under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, respectively. It was also predicted that the distributional area of C. tschonoskii could expand under the future climate conditions. These results highlighted that the climate change would have considerable impact on the spatial distribution of C. laxiflora and C. tschonoskii. These also suggested that ecological information derived from climate change impact assessment study can be used to develop proper forest management practices in response to climate change. Keywords: Carpinus laxiflora, C. tschonoskii, Climate change, Distribution change, MaxEnt ID:3619140
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    Bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis(Wangenh) K. Koch), a successful non-native tree species in the north-west of Romania
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