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ArticleJournal articleAssessing tree succession, species diversity and carbon sequestration potentials in off-reserve secondary forests for REDD+ implementation in Ghana
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Ghana is losing its primary forest, mostly forest reserves at an alarming rate. Secondary forests play a vital role in tropical landscapes, but few studies exist to assess their regeneration pathways and carbon sequestration in Ghana. We sought to find out the regeneration potentials, species diversity and carbon stocks accumulation of off-reserve secondary forests in the Moist Semi-deciduous and Dry Semi-deciduous zones. Four age classes were studied; 0-5, 6-10, 11-15 and 15+ years. Four plots with three replications were used for each age class. Nested plots were chosen; 33 m x 33 m for trees (dbh≥ 5 cm) 10 m x 10 m for saplings (≥1m tall and dbh <5cm) and 2 m x 2 m for seedlings. Age had significant differences in tree (dbh≥ 5 cm) density and basal area between the sites but not on sapling and seedling densities. A total of 129 tree species with dbh ≥5cm belonging to 95 genera and 40 families were identified. Mean Shannon-Weiner diversity index of trees (dbh ≥ 5cm) was 3.6±0.2 and 3.3±0.3 for the Moist Semi-deciduous and Dry Semi-deciduous zones respectively. Both age and forest site had significant effect on aboveground carbon accumulation with age of forest having more significance than climatic conditions. Age of a secondary forest has more effect on the species composition than climate. The secondary forest depicts the characteristic of young growth where the tree densities of most trees are confined to dbh= 5- 10cm in both zones and the potential of rapid recovery of species and carbon accumulation represents an important source of timber and carbon sink. The strong presence of regeneration portrays the potential for carbon sequestration under Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) if secondary forests are managed well in Ghana. Collaborative management of secondary forests with farmers and good forest polices can help Ghana achieve benefits such as timber, woodfuel, and carbon to participate in REDD+. Keywords: [Deforestation and forest degradation, REDD+, secondary forest, Climate change, Landscape management]\ ID: 3617260 -
DocumentOther documentSoil organic carbon and nutrient availability under Populus deltoides based agroforestry system in semi-arid region of North-West India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.To achieve biological production on a sustainable basis through the addition of soil organic carbon (SOC) and check land degradation, Populus deltoides is a promising species recognized as an important tree component in agroforestry system (AFS) in the present changing climate. The soil is enriched through the addition of leaf litter in large quantities by this tree, which ultimately improves the fertility in terms of SOC, available N, P and K. However, scanty information is obtainable related to associations between soil properties and poplar based AFS. In this communication, the objective of this study to examine the effect of three old poplar based AFS on soil OC, available N, P and K. The site consisted of six different spacings: i.e. 3×3m, 4×3m, 5×3m, 6×3m, 7×3m and 8×3m of poplar were intercropped with winter wheat, and in adjacent agricultural control plot, where winter wheat was the sole crop (devoid of tree). We quantified soil properties such as soil SOC and available N, P and K at 0-15 cm depth and studied their spatial variability in relation to different spacings of poplar based AFS during 2018-2019. SOC accumulation rates increased with the decrease in tree spacing and were maximum (0.69%) under 3×3 m spacing. The available soil N, P and K increased significantly under different spacings of poplar based AFS in all the treatments from their initial values. The highest available soil N (233.5 kg ha –1 ), P (16.1 kg ha–1) and K (285.3 kg ha–1) were recorded under 3 × 3m spacing compared to 4×3m, 5×3m, 6×3m, 7×3m, 8×3m and sole cropping after harvesting of wheat crop. Keywords: Climate change, Adaptive and integrated management, Research, Agriculture, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3486112 -
DocumentOther documentA study on tree species and crops of agroforestry according to ecological geographic map in North Korea
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study was conducted to analyze the appropriate tree species and crops according to agroforestry target sites in North Korea based on ecological geography and site properties with the purpose of preparation of technical cooperation on agroforestry, one of the main agendas of the Inter-Korean Forest Cooperation Subcommittee. The agroforestry is one of the methods for forest restoration that satisfies both North Korea's fuel and food shortages and the restoration of deforested land and it began in 2003. To this end, the ecological geographic map (13 regions and 4 zones) of North Korea was made by using satellite images with North Korean journals. The target sites for agroforestry was classified according to 18 site conditions depending on 3 site characteristics (soil depth, relative location, slope), and divided as short-term and long-term target sites depend on agroforestry management period. And then, appropriate tree species and crops for agroforestry are selected according to them. By regions within the same zone, tree species and crops were mostly similar, but compared to each zone, they differed. This seems to be because the geographical climatic characteristics reflected in the ecological geographic map vary greatly from zone to zone. Through this, it is expected to provide information that can be more efficiently implemented through analysis of the target sites needed for application of agroforestry and needed for application of agroforestry management and the combination of suitable species and crops. Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation, Research, Policies ID: 3623065
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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookRussian Federation: Meat sector review
Country highlights prepared under the FAO/EBRD Cooperation
2014Also available in:
World food demand has seen massive changes, including a shift from staple foods to animal proteins and vegetable oils. In the short to medium term, this trend in global food demand will continue. There will be an increased demand for vegetable oils, meat, sugar, dairy products and livestock feed made from coarse grains and oilseed meals. There are numerous mid-term forecasts for the Russian Federation’s meat sector. Most of them agree on the following trends: (i) the consumption of poultry and p ork meat will increase; (ii) the consumption of beef will decrease or stabilize; and (iii) the Russian Federation will remain a net importer of meat on the world market. According to OECD and FAO projections, meat imports from the Russian Federation will decrease from 3 to 1.3 million tonnes, owing to an anticipated growth in domestic chicken meat and pork production. The country’s share in global meat imports is anticipated to decrease from 12 percent in 2006–2010, to 4 percent in 2021. While t he Russian Federation will continue to play an important role in the international meat market, it will fall from its position as the largest meat importing country in 2006–2010 to the fourth largest global meat importer by 2021, behind Japan, sub-Saharan African countries, and Saudi Arabia. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.