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Preliminary Dynamic Conservation Action Plan: The Cascaded Tank-Village System (CTVS) in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka

Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Initiative

Year of publication 2016

Pages 23 p.

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Project

Edition 1

Synopsis (short abstract) The Government of Sri Lanka, with UN FAO assistance, is submitting a proposal (separate document) to the global initiative called the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System or GIAHS for the declaration of the Cascaded Tank-Village System of CTVS as part of the GIAHS. The CTVS in the Palugaswewa Divisional Secretariat Division of Anuradhapura District in the Cultural Triangle Region of Sri Lanka will represent the CTVS of Sri Lanka in this declaration. The said proposal describes how the CTVS meets the 5 criteria to be declared as GIAHs namely: a) being a provider for food and livelihood security; b) high in biodiversity, particularly agro biodiversity; c) high in local knowledge; d) presence of supportive socio-cultural system; and e) presence of a remarkable landscape. Figure 1 below illustrates the 3 dimensions of the CTVS. Conventionally, the first dimension (The Tank and Engineering system) is more well-known in the public eye while the other dimensions are practically con sidered “invisible”.

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    The Palugaswewa CTVS consists of 11 tanks, of which 5 irrigation tanks are operational and others are abandoned at present. Two tank-villages namely Udakadawala and Palugaswewa are located at the lower part of the cascade. The upper part is covered with dense forest and shrub jungle, where the wildlife is secured. The two village communities are self-sufficient in rice. All food items are produced by the farmers themselves. Well-drained paddy fields are used for cultivation of onion, chili, co rn and pulses during minor season. Legumes, coarse grains, fruits and vegetables are cultivated in uplands and home gardens. These crops bring significant income to the farmers. The tank itself is a basket of food including fish and aquatic food sources. Village commons, forest and the tank ecosystems enhance the bio-diversity. Upstream tree belt (gasgommana) and downstream kattakaduwa of the main tanks, while conserving water, provide wild fruit and food, local medicine and habitat to many pr edators.
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