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DocumentHigh-biobased-content UV-curable oligomers derived from tung oil and citric acid: Microwave-assisted synthesis and properties
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Ultraviolet (UV)-curing technique has been widely applied in modern industrial areas such as coatings, inks, and adhesives due to their “5E” advantages, i.e. efficient, energy saving, enabling, economical, and eco-friendly. However, due to the dramatic fluctuation of oil prices, greenhouse effect from CO2 emission, and serious environmental problems, much efforts have been devoted into the preparation of UV-curable materials from renewable resources such as carbohydrates, plant oils, and rosins.
In this study, two novel UV-curable oligomers (TMCG1 and TMCG2) from tung oil and citric acid were synthesized via microwave technology and confirmed by FT-IR,1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The total reaction time was only 30 min, and the obtained oligomers showed high biobased contents (over 60%). Furthermore, a series of UV-curable coatings were constructed by copolymerizing the oligomers with a biobased reactive diluent (GA) from guaiacol. The resulting UV-cured materials achieved both high biobased content and high performance. For instance, the cured TMCG1 film with 10% of GA showed a biobased content of 72.4%, tensile strength of 16.6 MPa, glass transition temperature of 74.1 oC, maximum thermal degradation temperature of 437.2 oC, adhesion of 2 grade, pencil harness of 2H, and flexibility of 2 mm.
In general, the biobased UV-curable coatings show great potential to be applied in the fields of coatings like wood coatings, and the combination of bioresources, microwave technology, and UV-curing technology indicated in this work could provide a “green + green + green” solution for the coating industry. Keywords: Agriculture, Economic Development, Education, Research, Innovation ID: 3483375 -
ArticlePlanting bench seedlings in the field: precocity, health, genetic traceability, and homogeneity in rubber plantations
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The present work aimed to evaluate the establishment index and the initial development of rubber tree seedlings in the field, produced in pine bark substrate on suspended benches in the region of Colina/SP, Votuporanga/SP and Cassilândia/MS. Brazil. The variables evaluated were: establishment index, planting homogeneity, initial field development, and early bleeding. The results showed that the establishment index was higher than 95% due to the large amount of roots of bench seedlings and that this led to greater planting homogeneity. Regarding the development of bench seedlings in the field, this was superior compared to the development of seedlings produced in the ground, and also it was observed a bleeding precocity. In traditional plantations that use ground seedlings, bleeding takes place in the seventh year with an average of 50% of the suitable plants. In a plantation with bench seedlings, there is an anticipation of the maturity period and within six years, more than 70% of the plants are ready to enter into production. Keywords: rubber tree, bench seedling, bleeding anticipation, plant homogeneity. ID: 3624106 -
ArticleReforestation to mitigate changes to climate: More than just planting seedlings
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global interest in reforestation to help mitigate climate change is increasing demand for nursery-produced seedlings. Often governments, the public, and non-profit organizations simplify reforestation to the physical act of tree planting without comprehension of the entirety of the process needed for reforestation to be successful. A range of tasks from planning to implementation to post-planting monitoring and care are necessary (i.e., the reforestation pipeline). And, often, a one-size-fits-all approach to reforestation is promoted without appreciation for the diversity of ecosystems needing restoration, exacerbated by climatic uncertainties that challenge reforestation conducted status quo. While some recent attention has focused attention on the reforestation pipeline, considering a climate-smart, or climate-informed approach to reforestation in conjunction with a smooth transition from initial tree planting to on-going forest management to support long-term resilience has yet to be fully explored. Considering reforestation more holistically and through a climate lens could provide more effective reforestation and increase the trajectory for achieving long-term climate, carbon, biodiversity, and social goals expected from initial tree planting efforts. Keywords: Reforestation, planting, climate change, nursery, forest management ID: 3617531
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