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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetPolicy analysisGender dynamics in pesticide use and management in Central Asia and Türkiye
Policy paper
2025Also available in:
Gender and age are critical sociodemographic determinants of pesticide use, management and exposure. This paper examines pesticide use among farmers and farm workers in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Türkiye, based on farmer surveys and expert interviews conducted under the GEF/FAO project “Pesticide Life Cycle Management and Disposal in Central Asia and Türkiye” (GCP/SEC/011/GFF) in 2020 and 2021. Despite limitations in dataset representativeness and cross-country comparability, the findings underscore the roles of women and children in pesticide handling, an issue often overlooked in formal assessments. While pesticide application and decision-making are predominantly carried out by men, there is strong evidence of women’s and children’s exposure. Moreover, women’s overrepresentation in unpaid and informal agricultural labour translates into underreported pesticide application. Concerningly, due to financial barriers and mobility constraints, women rely on inexpensive and unregulated products available in their local communities. The study also highlights the widespread lack of personal protective equipment among both genders, further contributing to health risks. This paper identifies inadequate pesticide management practices, pinpointing significant risk factors and knowledge gaps throughout the pesticide life cycle among farming household members. These findings indicate an urgent need for improved pesticide management policies and targeted training programmes tailored to the needs of women and men. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochurePestisidlərin həyat dövriyyəsinin idarə olunmasi: Təhlükəsiz və yaşıl kənd təsərrüfatı naminə 2023Bu broşura pestisidlərin həyat dövriyyəsinin yerli şəraitə uyğunlaşmasına kömək etmək məqsədilə pestisidlərin həyat dövrünün idarə edilməsi haqqında qısa məlumatı əks etdirir. Broşür beynəlxalq standartlara və qabaqcıl təcrübələrə əsaslanaraq, pestisidlərin istehsalından tutmuş istifadəyə və son utilizasiyaya qədər bütün elementləri nəzərə alaraq, FAO-nun pestisidlərin dövriyyəsinin idarə edilməsinə yanaşmasını təsvir edir. Bundan əlavə, Dayanıqlı İnkişaf üzrə 2030 Gündəliyi üçün pestisidlərin həyat dövrünün idarə edilməsinin əhəmiyyəti də broşürdə qısa şəkildə izah edilir.
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BookletYearbookYearbook 2023: Lifecycle management of pesticides and disposal of POPs pesticides in Central Asian countries and Türkiye 2024
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This Yearbook for 2023 highlights the main achievements of the project, “Lifecycle Management of Pesticides and Disposal of POPs Pesticides in Central Asian countries and Türkiye,” which is funded by GEF and managed by FAO. The aim of the document is to share progress with the key stakeholders and to increase the synergy for more efficient results ahead. All main activities and results achieved at regional and country level in 2023 to reduce threats from POPs and other obsolete pesticides posing high risks to public health and the environment, to strengthen the legal as well as the institutional framework for proper pesticide management across its full lifecycle, and to reduce the use of pesticides through introduction of improved agricultural practices are summarized in the Yearbook 2023. This publication and other Yearbooks of the project facilitate to monitor the results achieved at regional level as well as country level in terms of two basic pillars of the project, disposal of obsolete pesticides and prevention of obsolete pesticides, for all stakeholders.
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DocumentManual / guideProtect Children from Pesticides! Visual Facilitator's Guide. (Africa) 2015
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The purpose of this tool is to assist the facilitators of Farmer Field Schools as well as other extension agents to lead discussions on the protection of children from pesticides. It can also be used to conduct similar discussions at community level. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical bookChild labour in small-scale agriculture in Viet Nam
Technical paper
2023Also available in:
No results found.The publication is a technical paper that focuses on the issue of small-scale agriculture and child labour in Viet Nam. It combines the main findings, analysis, and recommendations from two unpublished studies conducted by the FAO-Institute for Policy and Strategy for Agriculture and Rural Development (IPSARD) in 2020 and 2021. The first study was carried out in the Mekong Delta Region and concentrated on the agricultural sub-sectors of crop production, livestock, and fisheries and aquaculture in four selected provinces. The second study focused on the Northern and Central Regions, with an emphasis on fisheries and aquaculture, and citrus value chains in eight selected provinces. The primary objective of the publication is to examine the dynamics between small-scale agriculture and child labour in Viet Nam, analysing its nature, patterns, distribution, dynamics, causes, and consequences across the three regions. This technical paper aims to examine the dynamics between small-scale agriculture and child labour in Viet Nam. This is achieved by determining the nature, patterns, distribution, dynamics, causes and consequences of child labour in small-scale agriculture across these three regions in Viet Nam. It analyses the factors contributing to child labour within the context of small-scale agriculture, identify the consequences and risks associated with child labour in agriculture, and propose recommendations to address this issue. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.