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DocumentClimate Change, Food Security and Insurance Systems for Family Farming
Brazil case: Climate, income and price insurance programs.
2016Also available in:
Family Farming Insurance Disasters resulting from weather changes cause the greatest economic impacts on the region (70% of emergencies are weather-related). Annual costs of approximately 2.2% of the GDP (base year 2010) are estimated to face disasters, in lack of climate change adaptation actions. The global climate risk index estimated based on information from 1995 to 2014, indicates that 4 out of the 10 countries with the highest risk index are in Latin America and the Caribbean: Honduras, H aiti, Nicaragua and Guatemala. In the region, one third of the population lives in high risk zones due to exposure to geological and hydro-meteorological threats. Climate change is also increasing the dispersal area of plant and animal plagues and diseases, in addition to increasing the probability of outbreaks and intensified effects. Through the enactment of Law 5,969 of 1973, Brazil established the Agricultural and Livestock Activity Guarantee Program (PROAGRO) to protect farmers from rural loan obligations. In 2004, it created “PROAGRO Mais”, for producers associated to the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF). Currently, PROAGRO protects medium-sized farmers (PRONAMP), and PROAGRO Mais protects PRONAF beneficiaries. PROAGRO Mais guarantees, in cost operations, up to 80% of the expected gross income, covering financing and up to R$ 20 thousand of the estimated net income; and for investment operations, coverage limit is 95% of the expected gross inco me, deducting the coverage by cost operations. In cost operations, PRONAF beneficiary participation is mandatory, while in investment operations, it is optional. Harvest Guarantee In Latin America and the Caribbean, family farming is very important for the food security and nutrition of all population. Approximately 81% of agricultural endeavours correspond to family farmers and, depending on the country, they provide 27% to 67% of the food. Family farming generates 57% to 77% of agricultural j obs in the region, so its is a very important job-generation sector. To continue boosting food security and sustainable development, family farming has three important challenges: 1) to produce more assorted and nutritional foods, 2) to continue creating safer and more stable jobs, and 3) to favour the appropriate use of resources used in production. Harvest Guarantee is a program that supports family farmers below the poverty line, with emphasis on the Brazilian Semiarid Zone, where losses due to drought are frequent. It was established by Law 10,420, of April 10, 2002. Price Guarantee for Family Farming This is a Federal Government program that offers the family farmer with PRONAF loan, a protection against price reductions. Currently, 51 products have a guarantee price. Rural population in the region lives in an extremely precarious situation because the poorest population plus the population in economic vulnerability situation correspond to 80% of the total rural population. Many family farmers in this percentage have their livelihoods depending greatly on environmental factors and natural resources. -
Book (series)Evaluation of the project "Integrating climate resilience into agricultural and pastoral production for food security in vulnerable rural areas through the farmers field school approach
Project code: GCP/BKF/054/LDF GEF ID: 5014
2020Also available in:
Burkina Faso's socio-economic characteristics and geographical location make it vulnerable to disasters in general and climate change in particular. According to the country's projections, climate change will lead to: a decrease in groundwater recharge; the disappearance of certain surface watercourses and forest tributaries; disruptions in the plant growth cycle as well as in crop, livestock and natural resource management systems. The project, implemented by FAO from May 2015 to August 2020, aimed to “enhance the capacity of Burkina Faso’s agricultural and pastoral sectors to cope with climate change, by mainstreaming climate change adaptation (CCA) practices and strategies into on-going agricultural development initiatives and agricultural policies and programming and upscaling of farmers adoption of CCA technologies and practices through a network of already established farmer field schools (FFS)”. The project has satisfactorily contributed to building the capacity to adapt to climate change in the agricultural and pastoral sectors and in the populations of vulnerable areas of Burkina Faso. More specifically, the project has contributed highly to the sustainable management of 20 432.75 ha of land, including 15 632.75 ha of cultivated land and 4 800 ha of pasture. The project built the capacities of 29 201 beneficiaries, including 10 528 (57 percent women) in farmer field schools/agro-pastoral field schools. However, this result is weakened by the lack of anticipation in formalising collaboration with co-financing partners involved in these activities. -
Book (series)Terminal evaluation of the project “Strengthening capacities of agricultural producers to cope with climate change for increased food security through the Farmer Field School approach in Mozambique”
Project code: GCP/MOZ/112/LDF - GEF ID: 5433
2023Also available in:
Mozambique is a low income country, with almost 70 percent of the population living in rural areas. Farmers suffer from lack of access to technology and qualified technical services. The country is also extremely vulnerable to increasingly prevalent natural phenomena, such as cyclones Dineo, Idai and Kenneth, which destroyed crops and agricultural infrastructure between 2017 and 2019. The country faces challenges in implementing regulatory instruments for the integration of practices climate change adaptation (CCA) in the agricultural sector. The Government of Mozambique, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) have joined efforts to increase the capacity of Mozambique's agricultural and pastoral sectors to deal with climate change. The project generated relevant results, including the incorporation of specific actions for CCA in strategic plans at ministerial level and in Economic and Social Plans and District Budgets (PESOD); the preparation of Mozambique's nationally determined contribution (NDC); the creation of local and community plans to adapt to climate change; the installation of 11 agrometeorological stations and greater financial autonomy for beneficiary women. The evaluation recommended that FAO support the government to ensure the integration of CCA into key policy documents and the integration of the Farmer Field Schools (FFS) into future rural development programmes, including the new Sustenta Programme, and that, in future programmes, FAO will focus on developing value chains and promoting farmers' access to markets.
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