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Book (series)Flagship2020年世界粮食安全和营养状况
实现粮食体系转型，保障经济型健康膳食
2020由于更新了很多国家的数据，今年我们能更精确地对世界饥饿状况进行估算。尤其是新数据的出现帮助我们对中国2000年以来所有食物不足系列年度估计数进行了重新修订，大幅调低了世界食物不足人数。尽管如此，修订后的数字仍印证了以往几期报告中提出的趋势：全球饥饿人口数量自2014年起一直呈缓慢增加趋势。报告还显示，各种形式营养不良带来的负担依然是一项挑战。虽然在儿童发育迟缓、低出生体重和纯母乳喂养相关方面已取得一定进展，但进展速度依然过慢。在所有区域，儿童超重问题尚未得到改善，成人肥胖问题则不断加重。本报告除了对粮食安全和营养状况进行常规评估外，还增加了在假设过去十年趋势持续不变的情况下，对2030年世界前景的预测。预测结果表明，我们的世界难以到2030年实现零饥饿目标，同时，尽管已经取得一定进展，但多数指标表明我们也无法实现全球营养目标。由于COVID-19疫情对健康和社会经济造成影响，多数弱势群体的粮食安全和营养状况很可能进一步恶化。本报告聚焦于膳食质量，将其视为粮食安全和营养之间的关键联系。要想实现可持续发展目标2项下的各项目标，就必须保证人人都能获得充足的食物，同时还要吃得起营养食物。报告还新增了对不同区域、不同发展背景下世界各地健康膳食的成本和经济可负担性的分析。报告对当前食物消费方式的健康和气候变化相关成本进行估值，并介绍一旦转向有助于可持续性的健康膳食后可能节约的成本。报告最后探讨粮食系统转型相关政策和战略，以确保人们能够负担得起健康膳食，从而为消除饥饿和一切形式营养不良做出贡献。 -
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Book (series)Technical studyPacific oyster farming
A practical manual
2024Also available in:
No results found.The purpose of this manual is to give the reader a foundation of practical knowledge regarding all aspects of Pacific oyster cultivation. It is targeted at new entrants to the market wishing to establish a farm, and existing operators who wish to develop their farms and explore new cultivation techniques. The methodologies described can be applied both to low-tech, low budget, small-scale farming operations and to high-tech, big budget, industrial-scale aquaculture production enterprises. This guide focuses on the functional expertise and technical equipment required to construct and manage an operational farm in the diverse environmental and physical locations in which they can be situated, from the initial stages of finding and selecting a suitable site, to the conclusion of the first production cycle and harvesting the crop. The manual contains a brief introduction which describes the relevance of the species with regards to global aquaculture production figures and how it can form an important part of future food production strategies. Chapter 2 describes the anatomy and biology of Crassostrea gigas and gives an indication as to the environmental conditions in which the species thrives as well as the pathologies and predators that can result in poor health leading to potential mortalities. Chapter 3 deals with all aspects of undertaking a survey of potential oyster farming sites and what data should be collected and examined to assess a site’s suitability, but also which areas are best suited to different cultivation techniques. After this, Chapter 4 introduces the main farming techniques that will be described in detail in the following chapters, which includes off-bottom cultivation, on-bottom cultivation, and suspended cultivation, and gives details of some of the most common cultivation equipment necessary to undertake these operations. The techniques and strategies necessary to procure seed oysters and how to develop them through the nursery stage are also introduced. This includes the basic principles of upwelling, which then leads into Chapter 5, which provides a detailed description of how to build and operate one particular example of a Floating Upwelling System (Flupsy) which is suitable for use in remote but sheltered conditions. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 constitute the main body of the manual and provide an in-depth look into the three major cultivation techniques that this guide concentrates on: “Farming with trestles and bags in the intertidal zone”, “On-bottom cultivation in the intertidal or subtidal zone” and “Offshore longline cultivation”. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)High-profilePerspectives agricoles del’OCDE et de la FAO 2023-2032 2023Les Perspectives agricoles 2023-2032 sont le fruit de la collaboration entre l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO). Les deux organisations mettent en commun leurs connaissances spécialisées sur les produits, les politiques et les pays, ainsi que les informations fournies par leurs pays membres, afin de produire chaque année une analyse des perspectives des marchés nationaux, régionaux et mondiaux des produits agricoles de base pour la décennie à venir.La présente édition des Perspectives agricoles a été préparée conjointement par les Secrétariats de l’OCDE et de la FAO.