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No Thumbnail AvailableProjectEffects of different animal manures on the ecological factors and fish yield in fish ponds
Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1988Also available in:
No results found.Different animal manures were used in the experiment. Fish yield of the chicken-manured pond was the highest, followed by that of the duck-manured pond, the pig-manured pond and the cow-manured pond. The factors which affected the fish yield were the inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, and the biomass of zooplankton and phytoplankton. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectPreliminary studies on the effects of fresh and fermented pig manure on fish production
Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1988Also available in:
No results found.The growth of several cultivated fishes of Cyprinidae was studied using cognate fresh and fermented pig manure and the equivalent fertilizers N and P as sole inputs to different experimental groups of fish ponds. Experiment I was conducted from June to October 1986, experiment II from March to October 1987. The proportions of fish production from chemical-fertilized ponds (C), fermented pig manured ponds (F1), and fresh pig manured ponds (F2) were 100:156:226 and 100:294:382 respectively. The ratio of fish production of F1 ponds to F2 ponds was 100 to 145 in experiment I and 100 to 130 in experiment II, respectively.The chlorophyl content, zooplankton biomass, bacterial activity and BOD were lower in the C ponds than in the F1 and F2 ponds, while the DO concentration was higher. There was little difference in the concentration of NH4-N and PO4-P among the experimental ponds. The physico-chemical parameters in the F1 and F2 ponds were not always in conformity with the fish production. Some parameters were contradictory in these two experiments. In the experiment I, the content of NH4-N in the F1 ponds was lower than that in the F2 ponds, and the content of chlorophyl and the biomass of zooplankton in the F1 ponds were greater than those in the F2 ponds. In contrast, in experiment II all these three parameters were reversed in the F1 and F2 ponds. These results indicate that part of the fish production in the C ponds came from the natural planktonic food chain, while in the F1 and F2 ponds, much of the production was derived from the manure detritus as well as from the planktonic food chain. The nutrient value of fermented pig manure is probably less than that of fresh manure because of bacterial decomposition during fermentation. There is a complicated relationship among various physico-chemical factors after manure application in the F1 and F2 ponds. -
No Thumbnail AvailableProjectPreliminary studies on the effect of livestock manure application on bacterial fish disease and human hygiene
Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia
1988Also available in:
No results found.An investigation on the effect of application of livestock manure, the biomass of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and Colicin population and distribution of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and pathogenic bacteria of the human digestive tract which are also present in the body mucus of black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp as well as in pond water (on the application of manure of chicken, duck, cow and pig) was conducted in the fish farming areas in Wuxi, China. The results show less frequen cy of fish pathogenic bacteria in the four kinds of manure. Aeromonas and Pseudomonas population were, however, higher in the manured pond water than in the non-manured pond. Although there was less amount of fish pathogenic bacteria in the animal manure, body mucus of black carp and grass carp which well in the pond bottom and mid-level can cause the occurrence of Pseudomonas, is one of the pathogens of Stigamatosis, due to the decomposition manure in the pond bottom. With the exception of chic ken manure in which there was Group E Salmonella, no other pathogenic bacteria was found in the manure of duck, cow and pig. None was found either on the fish body nor in the fish viscera in the manure-applied fish pond. Bacteria were pathogenic. The fish cultured in the manure-applied pond were descaled and washed, the quantity of Colicin was reduced by 100–1000 times, the concentration of which was almost the same as that in the manure-free pond. MPN was less or equal to 40***(*** MPN.--- The most Probable number of Colicin within sq. sm of fish body. Results indicated that the fish cultured in manure-applied ponds after treatment by washing are hygienic as human food and not harmful to human health.
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