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BookletA strategy for coordinated development of the seed sector in countries of the Economic Cooperation Organization region 2020
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No results found.The document was prepared by FAO and the Secretariat of the Economic Cooperation Organisation (ECO) in the framework of the project GCP/INT/123/MUL: Seed Sector Development in Countries of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) funded by the FAO-Turkey Partnership Programme. The document was prepared in order to facilitate regional trade and promote the development of the seed sector in member countries of the ECO region. It was prepared after extensive consultation among senior representatives of the member countries who freely contributed their experience and opinions in a series of national and regional meetings. Although this strategy was tailored to the needs of the ECO region, the same basic principles and objectives will apply to similar initiatives in other geographical areas. A few minor changes have been made in the text of this document to remove points that are specific to the region or are relevant only to members of ECO. Besides promoting the harmonization of seed regulations, this document also provides guidance on the topics that would be included in a national seed policy and the overall development of the seed sector in line with such a policy. With this in mind, FAO has decided to publish this strategy so that others can benefit from the work that was done for the ECO region, as summarized in the foreword. The key assumption of the strategy is that harmonizing seed regulations is a very desirable goal but progress is slow because of the need for each government to make changes to its own laws and policies. The priorities and procedures for doing those things will vary between individual countries. However, if there is broad agreement on the principles set out in this document, then countries can move in the same direction and gradually eliminate obstacles to the free movement of seeds and varieties across borders. The overall process should be one of convergence. The member countries of the Economic Cooperation Organisation are listed below: The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan The Republic of Azerbaijan The Islamic Republic of Iran The Republic of Kazakhstan The Kyrgyz Republic The Islamic Republic of Pakistan The Republic of Tajikistan The Republic of Turkmenistan The Republic of Turkey The Republic of Uzbekistan -
BookletStatus of seed legislation and policies in the Asia-Pacific region 2020
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No results found.The vast majority of the world’s food crops are annuals that are grown from seed sown at the start of each production season. The quality of that seed is a key determinant of production. Farmers cannot easily observe the quality or identity of seed at the point of sale, which creates a risk on the part of the farmer. With the development of the commercial seed trade and the increasing number of varieties during the 20th century it became important to reduce this risk. This led to the formulation of laws and regulations intended to protect farmers and increase agricultural productivity through the adoption of modern varieties. The commercial seed industry has grown rapidly in Asia over recent years and these laws should be reviewed to ensure that they reflect recent developments in both technology and trade. In practice, the progress of this updating varies widely across the region; some countries have completed, some are working on it now, while others have not yet started. The purpose of this study is to review the current status of seed legislation in countries of the Asia-Pacific region, to share experiences and to make recommendations for future development of the seed sector in a way that serves the best interests of farmers and society as a whole. -
Book (stand-alone)Promoting the Growth and Development of Smallholder Seed Enterprises for Food Security Crops
Case studies from Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire and India
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No results found.Farmers everywhere depend on access to good quality seed, which is fundamental to their crop production systems. Most governments have made significant investments in strengthening national agricultural production capacities, yet farmers in developing countries still face difficulties in accessing the quality seed of the varieties that they require. Guaranteeing farmers’ access to quality seed can only be achieved through a viable seed supply system that can multiply and distribute see ds which have been produced or preserved. This is better achieved by the private sector, but medium- to large-scale international seed companies concentrate on high-value crops and avoid dealing in the self-pollinating, open-pollinating and vegetatively-propagated varieties on which most smallholder farmers depend for their food security as the biology of these crops makes it easy for farmers to keep their seeds for several seasons. However, smallholders are often seen as the driving force of economic growth, poverty reduction and food security. This is also true for smallholder seed enterprises which, in the absence of large companies, provide a valid alternative for the production and distribution of food security crops. This paper reviews case studies on smallholder seed enterprises in Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire and India, as well as relevant world literature in order to identify key issues that facilitate or constrain the development of the seed sector. The final section provides some guidelines on policy design and implementation to promote the development of sustainable seed enterprises at different stages in the evolution of national seed sectors. It provides examples of good practices and hence seeks to assist governments in identifying ways in which they can support the development of smallholder seed enterprises that will provide the most appropriate varieties to smallholder farmers in their efforts to boost food production.
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