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Country Status Report on Malaysia






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    Seminar report on the status of marine finfish netcage culture in China, DPRK (Democratic People's Republic of Korea), Indonesia, ROK (Republic of Korea), Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand
    Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project
    1988
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    Marine finfish netcage culture is practiced throughout the Asian region, however some countries have not yet fully mastered the technique. In some countries there are some technological gaps in the existing practices. Seafarming of marine fish species in increasing in importance due to several factors which include the high market demand and the availability of a vast area that can be exploited. Consequently the interest in marine finfish culture is rapidly growing throughout the region. In re cognition of the need of countries to develop their marine finfish netcage culture industries, a regional marine finfish netcage training course was organized in Singapore. The course, held in Singapore on 4–24 September 1988, was sponsored by the FAO/UNDP Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project (RAS/86/024) and organized by the Primary Production Department. Twenty-five participants were trained from eight countries in the region, namely China, DPRK, Indonesia, ROK, Malaysia , Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Eleven of the participants were sponsored by the Seafarming Project; nine by the ASEAN Regional Small-Scale Fisheries Development Project (RAS/84/014); one by the Indonesian Seafarming Development Project (INS/81/008); and four from the private sector in Singapore. The main objective of this course was to teach the participants techniques for successful netcage construction and culture of marine finfish species. The lecture topics and laboratories were on the principles and construction of netcages, operation and maintenance of netcages, principles of site selection, species selection, seed production and supply, fish nutrition, feeds, fish diseases and sanitation.
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    Seminar report on the status of oyster culture in China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand
    Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project
    1988
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    Among the Asian countries, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand are all producers of oysters. The status of oyster culture in each of these countries varies considerably although most of them share the same rich pool of suitable species and environments for seafarming. Among these countries oyster culture is more developed in China, Philippines and Thailand, while still at an early stage of development in Indonesia and Malaysia. In 1985 the production of oyster in the above cou ntries totalled some 75,868 MT (Fig. 1). This value represents over 2.6 % of the world's production of molluses in 1985, which was 2.80 million MT (FAO, 1987). Taking the Asian region, as defined by FAO, this was 3.6 % of the region's mollusc production which was 2.09 million MT. Compared to the total production output of the same countries in 1983, which amounted to 56,821 MT, there was a 15.5 % increase in production in 1984 and about 25.1 % in 1985. The production of oysters by each of the As ian countries for the period 1980–1986 is shown in Table 1. Most species of oysters under cultivation belong to the genus Crassostrea. The species cultured among the above countries are shown in Table 2. One significant trend in shellfish mariculture in the region has been the establishment of bivalve hatcheries of varying sizes to meet the growing requirement for oyster seed. Since the early 1980's, pilot hatcheries have been set up in Thailand (Prachuab Khiri Khan Brackishwater Fisheries S tation), Malaysia (Bivalve Hatchery Project of the Universiti Sains Malaysia), and in the Philippines (Aquaculture Department of the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Centre or SEAFDEC, and at the Mariculture Centre of the Philippine Human Resources Development Centre, PHRDC). Although these hatcheries have been in operation for several years, oyster seed production is still minimal.

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    Assessment and management of biotoxin risks in bivalve molluscs 2011
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    Biotoxins produced by certain algal species can be accumulated by bivalve molluscs. This constitutes one of the major public health risks that need to be managed during shellfish production. With a view to aiding risk assessment, monitoring and surveillance programmes, this paper provides a range of information about the various biotoxins globally recorded in shellfish: levels detected, toxicological data, methods of analysis for detection and quantification of toxins, and the risk assessment ap proach for public health management. The complex chemical nature of the toxins, along with several analogues, hampers the development and validation of methods for their detection, for the evaluation of their toxicity and for the development of limits for shellfish safety management. This paper also illustrates the approach taken by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in developing guidelines for bivalve shellfish safety management and for establishing Codex standards for live and raw bivalve moll uscs.