1 Number of case studies by producer size, automation level and sector
2 Selected milestones in digital automation in agriculture
A2.1 Tractor use per 1 000 hectares of arable land, latest year available
1 Three-phase cycle of an automation system
2 Evolution of agricultural automation
4 Tractors in use per 1 000 hectares of arable land
6 The readiness to scale of digital automation technologies along a spectrum
7 An agrifood systems approach to automation impacts on employment
8 A roadmap of policy options to leverage agricultural automation responsibly
1 Overcoming data challenges in reporting use of agricultural machinery
2 Understanding mechanization in sub-Saharan Africa
3 Digital tools for improved access to mechanization services
4 Digital tools not linked to mechanization – disembodied solutions
5 Digital automation of livestock production: examples from Latin America, Africa and Europe
6 New aquaculture technologies: examples from India and Mexico
7 Evolution of the forestry sector: mechanization and digital automation
9 Leveraging agricultural automation to improve food safety
10 Enhancing the resilience of small-scale producers through small-sized motorized mechanization
11 Mechanized raised beds in Egypt for improved productivity and sustainable water use
12 Saving time, effort and money with drum seeders in the Lao People‘s Democratic Republic
13 The evolution of the business case for robotic milking systems
14 The impact of a digital orchard sprayer in the European Union: evidence from Poland and Hungary
15 COVID-19 spurred interest in digital technologies: evidence from two case studies
16 Solving labour shortages in strawberry fields using harvesting robots
17 The business case for women adopting motorized mechanization: evidence from Nepal
18 A vision for low-cost autonomous crop robots
19 Analysing agricultural automation through the lens of decent employment
20 The labour impacts of mechanized harvesting of sugar cane in Brazil
21 Automation and rural migrant-sending communities: the case of California
22 Inclusion of persons with disabilities
23 Inclusion of women and youth: evidence from case studies
24 Women in the Driving Seat: advancing women’s empowerment through tractors
25 How different types of government support can potentially leverage agricultural automation
26 Broadband open access network in Komen, Slovenia
27 National strategies for a stronger adoption of digital tools in African agriculture
28 Adapting digital automation to various contexts: evidence from 27 case studies