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DocumentComparison of flight capability of two Monochamus beetle species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) using flight mills
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.To compare flight capability between males and females of Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius, vector insect species for pine wood nematode, a total of 42 adult beetles (25 males and 17 females) for M. alternatus and 42 adult beetles (18 males and 24 females) for M. saltuarius was tested using flight mills. Adult beetles that emerged from Pinus koraiensis logs were tethered on flight mills, and flight distance was measured weekly for entire life span. In each flight session, every tested beetle was tethered on flight mills using insect pin with glue. We only analyzed beetles that flew above 100 m in each flight session. As a result, cumulated flight distance of M. alternatus was longer than that of M. saltuarius. However, the average cumulated flight distances for entire life span was longer in males for two beetle species compared to their females. These results can be used for the estimation of pine wilt disease spread from invaded area to neiboring areas. Keywords: Adaptive and integrated management, Biodiversity conservation, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3623055 -
ArticleUtilization of Tribal Ethnobotanicals for control of mosquito and mosquito borne diseases and Covid herbal mask and sanitizer for the livelihood ofIrular tribes Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India 2022
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No results found.The Irular are a Dravidian ethnic group inhabiting the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and they are facing many problems with mosquitoes, which are transmitting Malaria, dengue and filariasis etc. The tribal (Irular) plants, Phyllanthus emblica and Artemisia pallens from Western Ghats, Tamilnadu, India have been used the preparation of mosquito control agents. An effective mosquito larvicide and bio-mosquito coil has been prepared by use of above herbals to establish a powerful knockdown effect against larvae and adult mosquitoes, when compared with marketed synthetic products. A Mosquito coil (0.6 cm thickness) was prepared manually and shade dried and it has been demonstrated to tribal people. In laboratory conditions, the herbal formulations were found to possess toxicity against young instars (I, II, III, and IV) dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Field trials have been conducted at the breeding sites of mosquitoes at stagnant water bodies and insect pests at the Agricultural forest ecosystem at tribal settlement at Nilgiris and Maruthamalai Hills. Bioassays have also been conducted against non-target organisms such as copepods, Mesocyclops aspericornis, Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulata and earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae species. Herbal masks (covid-19) were prepared by infusion of herbal extract through Ayurvastra technique, and it has been demonstrated to the tribal community for their use for the mosquito repellent and as Covid facial masks. Less alcoholic and special herbal covid mask spray have also been made with herbals (neem, ginger, clove, turmeric, tulsi). The nanoformulations of herbal extract showed a potent antiplasmodial activities against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and Anti Dengue with moderate cytotoxicity was detected on Vero cells post-treatment. Formulations were tested for antimicrobial activities and it can be used as eco-friendly bioinsecticides and alternate herbal medicine for tribals. Keywords: Human Health and Well-being, Innovation, Adaptive and Integrated Management, Social Protection, Zoonotic diseases ID: 3644418 -
DocumentExploration of new natural enemies of the asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China using sentinel host eggs and larvae
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) is a polyphagous wood boring pest that attacks many economically important orchard, roadside, ornamental and forest trees (>100 species). Due to the widespread planting of poplars and willows, it has become one of the most serious forest pests in China and the Korean Peninsula. This cerambycid has also invaded North America and Europe. In order to control ALB in China, many techniques have been employed such as forest management, traps, insecticides, and biological control. Prior to this study, two native polyphagous parasitoids, Sclerodermus guani and Dastarcus helophoroides are currently being used throughout China to control ALB, and few other parasitoids have been reported parasitizing ALB. In order to find specialist parasitoids of ALB, the Chinese Academy of Forestry and USDA-APHIS have carried out a biocontrol program in China since 2015 by applying the technique of deploying ALB-infested sentinel logs to attract parasitoids in three different sites of China (Beijing, Shanghai, and Jilin). From 2015 to 2020, our survey detected 12 species of hymenopteran parasitoids attacking sentinel Asian longhorned beetle larvae or eggs, namely, Bracon planitibiae Yang, Cao et Gould, Iphiaulax impostor (Scopoli), Spathius glabripennis sp.nov. (Unpublished), Zombrus bicolor (Enderlein) (Braconinae), Callocleonymus beijingensis Yang, Oxysychus scolyti Yang, Zolotarewskya robusta glabripennis ssp. nov. (unpublished), Zolotarewskya anoplophora sp.nov. (unpublished) (Pteromalidae), Eurytoma morio Boheman (Eurytomidae), Eupelmus urozonus Dalman (Eupelmidae), Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu (Bethylidae) and Xorides sp. (Ichneumonidae). Total parasitism by all these parasitoids was 7–16% in Beijing, 4–11% in Shanghai, and 0–0.2% in Jilin Province, among which, Spathius glabripennis sp.nov and Oxysychus scolyti with rates of parasitism are 1-4% and 2-10% respectively. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Sustainable forest management, Research, Innovation ID: 3480709
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