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BookletHigh-profileUna oportunidad de varios miles de millones de dólares – Adaptar el apoyo a la agricultura para transformar los sistemas alimentarios
Resumen
2021En muchos casos, los mecanismos de ayuda del sector público a la agricultura dificultan la transformación hacia sistemas alimentarios más saludables, sostenibles, equitativos y eficientes, por lo que nos alejan activamente del cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y los objetivos del Acuerdo de París. En el presente informe se defiende la necesidad imperiosa de adaptar el apoyo perjudicial a los productores agrícolas con miras a revertir esta situación, optimizando el uso de los escasos recursos públicos, fortaleciendo la recuperación económica de la pandemia de la COVID-19 y, en última instancia, impulsando una transformación de los sistemas alimentarios que pueda respaldar los compromisos mundiales en materia de desarrollo sostenible. En el informe se ofrece a los encargados de formular las políticas una estimación actualizada de la ayuda a los productores agrícolas proporcionada en el pasado y en la actualidad en 88 países y las previsiones hasta 2030. Las tendencias que surgen del análisis son un claro llamamiento a la acción en los planos nacional, regional y mundial para eliminar gradualmente el apoyo que causa mayor distorsión y que resulta más perjudicial para el medio ambiente y desde el punto de vista social, como los incentivos de precios y las subvenciones asociadas, y para reorientar la ayuda hacia inversiones en bienes y servicios públicos para la agricultura, como I+D e infraestructura, y hacia subvenciones fiscales disociadas. En general, en el análisis se pone de relieve que, aunque es necesario eliminar o reducir el apoyo agrícola perjudicial, deberán emprenderse iniciativas de adaptación que incluyan medidas destinadas a reducir al mínimo las compensaciones entre políticas con objeto de garantizar un resultado general beneficioso. En el informe se confirma que, si bien algunos países han comenzado a adaptar y reformar el apoyo a la agricultura, se necesitan reformas más amplias y profundas para la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios. En consecuencia, se brinda orientación (en seis pasos) sobre cómo los gobiernos pueden adaptar el apoyo a los productores agrícolas y las reformas que esto conllevará.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)Technical studyTea sector review – Georgia 2022
Also available in:
No results found.This study was produced under an FAO-EBRD Cooperation project on reviewing the development potential of the tea sectors of Azerbaijan and Georgia. As a result of the joint research in the two countries carried out as part of the project, a similar separate review of the Azerbaijani tea sector was also published under the FAO Investment Centre's Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme. Tea has a long tradition of cultivation in Azerbaijan and Georgia, dating back to the nineteenth century. The structural changes that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s led to a dramatic decline of the two countries’ tea sectors. However, interest in tea production in Georgia and Azerbaijan has increased in recent years and, in an effort to revive their once thriving tea sectors, governments have adopted sector development programmes that provide for support to primary tea production. In spite of the long tradition and accumulated know-how of tea production and processing, there is little doubt that investments in both technology and knowledge will be required for the Azerbaijani and Georgian tea sectors to grow in a successful and sustainable way. Production focused on efficiency and quality and mindful of shifts in consumer preferences on global markets, but also of potential environmental risks, will be critical in achieving this goal. This publication is part of the Country Investment Highlights series under the FAO Investment Centre's Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.