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Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureOverview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
LDN in Ukraine
2021Also available in:
No results found.Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe with large availability of arable land and some of the world’s most productive black soils. Agriculture dominates Ukraine’s landscape, and many soils have been lost due to wind and water erosion or become acidic, saline, or alkaline due to unsustainable agricultural practices, such as excessive use of mineral fertilizers and outdated technologies. Preservation and protection of arable land against land degradation and desertification is a national priority in the country and is essential for ensuring the sustainable development of agricultural landscapes and the reduction of rural poverty. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureOverview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
LDN in Kazakhstan
2021Also available in:
No results found.Kazakhstan, located in Central Asia, is the ninth largest country in world. It has a great diversity of topographies and soil characteristics and a variety of different climates with a marked seasonality. Agricultural activities are present in 80 percent of the country, with large areas covered by permanent meadows and pastures. Despite its significant pasture resources, overgrazing is found near rural settlements, enhancing water and wind erosion, expansion of non-palatable plants and soil salinity. With around 3 million hectares of forest and large cold winter deserts, Kazakstan hosts a rich diversity of endemic species. Soil salinity is also a major problem in croplands, especially in irrigated lands lacking proper water management. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetBrochureOverview of land degradation neutrality (LDN) in Europe and Central Asia
LDN in Georgia
2021Also available in:
No results found.Georgia is located between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, in the Caucasus region. It is a small mountainous country mostly covered by forests and grasslands. Due to the climate and topography, soils are vulnerable to water and wind soil erosion. Desertification in Georgia is accelerated by unsustainable land use, causing widespread severe erosion of arable lands, loss of tree covered areas and decreased productivity of pasturelands. Most of the rural population depend on livestock rearing for their livelihoods and overgrazing is a major driver of pasturelands degradation. Protection and sustainable management of land resources is a crucial objective of the country which has set its national LDN targets.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileStatus of the World's Soil Resources: Main Report 2015
Also available in:
No results found.The SWSR is a reference document on the status of global soil resources that provides regional assessments of soil change. The information is based on peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with expert knowledge and project outputs. It provides a description and a ranking of ten major soil threats that endanger ecosystem functions, goods and services globally and in each region separately. Additionally, it describes direct and indirect pressures on soils and ways and means to combat s oil degradation. The report contains a Synthesis report for policy makers that summarizes its findings, conclusions and recommendations.The full report has been divided into sections and individual chapters for ease of downloading:
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.