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全球土壤实验室网络

投资统一土壤实验室方法及可靠的数据进行可持续土壤管理











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    本资料为土壤光谱建模提供了从数据获取到解译的全面指导,着重介绍了如何利用R语言进行分析建模。内容涵盖了由光谱数据实现可靠土壤属性预测的整套流程,具体包括光谱数据预处理、探索性分析、校准、模型训练及验证。基于R语言的练习实例贯穿全文,涉及光谱预处理、主成分分析及多元回归建模技术等关键步骤。这些步骤有助于将原始光谱数据转化为可执行信息,使用户能够估算有机碳、黏粒含量和矿物组成等土壤属性。本文介绍了几种典型的用于关联光谱波长与土壤理化属性的函数模型,并说明如何结合常规实验室分析结果对这些模型进行校准。此外,还探讨了复杂红外光谱数据解译的挑战,尤其是可见-近红外的重叠吸收区,并提供了克服这些困难的策略。本文强调了化学计量学工具(如偏最小二乘回归)在提取光谱特征与土壤属性之间有效关系中的重要作用。本文是土壤vis-NIR和MIR光谱学的初级、中级和高级三个阶段中的第二部,旨在为科研人员、技术服务人员以及土壤实验室技术人员提供实用的土壤光谱分析知识与工具,重点介绍如何使用R语言实现光谱建模的实际应用。
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    土壤可见-近红外和中红外光谱分析入门
    土壤光谱培训材料 #1
    2022
    为响应全球土壤实验室网络关于土壤光谱的倡议(GLOSOLAN–Spec),联合国粮食及农业组织下辖的全球土壤伙伴关系为土壤光谱初学者撰写了首个培训资料 — “土壤可见-近红外和中红外光谱分析入门”。该资料主要介绍了如何利用光谱进行土壤分析,以便读者理解应用该技术进行土壤分析的基本原理和相关流程。全球土壤实验室网络(GLOSOLAN)旨在加强全球土壤实验室在土壤分析方面能力, 撰写“土壤光谱系列培训材料“是其培训计划之一。它提供了一系列培训材料,涵盖土壤可见近红外和中红外光谱的一系列相关的主题。这一培训计划的主要目标是帮助各个国家和地区开发并建立土壤光谱数据库和土壤在线预测系统,并提供有关光谱仪器的咨询服务。
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    土壤测试方法手册 — 土壤医生全球计划,农民对农民培训计划 2021
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    《土壤测试方法手册》(Soil Testing Methods Manual,STMM)旨在为土壤研究人员和农民提供土壤健康关键参数评价的一系列方法,以期为土壤研究 人员和农民提供初步的土壤数据。在本手册中还包含一节利用视觉土壤评估 (Visual Soil Assessments, VSA)提供土壤健康信息的内容。《土壤测试方法手 册》是由全球土壤研究项目开发的土壤测试工具箱(Soil Testing Kit, STK)中的一部分。

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    Proceedings of the Training Workshop on Management of Aquatic Weed Water Hyacinth 'Eichhornia crassipes'
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    In view of the problems encountered in water hyacinth (WH) management, the attention has recently focused on biological control. Biological control could provide a lasting, cost-effective, environmentally safe solution, and is theoretically the best method for solving the WH problem (Shabana et al., 2001b). Recent conferences and panels have stressed the weed for greater and renewed emphasis on biologically based alternatives (Delfosse and Spencer 1997; Charudattan et al., 1996). The objective of this manual is to put into practice themes of isolation, identification, pathogenicity testing, host range testing, culturing and mass production, spore production, phytotoxin production, and formulation and application of A. eichhorniae as the most promising mycoherbicidal agent for WH in Africa.
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    Meeting proceedings: Regional consultation on food safety indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2018
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    Developing a set of regional food safety indicators with the overall goal of strengthening national food control systems has been a key topic at various regional food safety meetings in Asia and the Pacific, and Members of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in the region often request FAO to initiate dialogues on the topic. In order to address the need, FAO held a regional consultation on food safety indicators from 6 to 8 December 2017 in Singapore, with the primary objective for national food safety competent authorities to review various existing food safety indicators in the context of their national situations, particularly in developing countries. The consultation welcomed 84 participants, including senior officials working in the area of food safety (from 18 Asian and 6 Pacific Island countries), speakers, observers and meeting secretariat members. Participants were provided with an FAO technical working paper that described the preliminary review process and identified existing indicators prior to the meeting. The paper was used as the basis for all discussions during the consultation. Through various presentations, panel discussions and working group sessions, all participants confirmed the need for, and importance of, having measurable and actionable food safety indicators, and critically reviewed all existing food safety indicators summarized in the technical working paper. Using a set of criteria, participants developed a draft set of regional food safety indicators that national food safety competent authorities could use to develop their own national food safety indicators. Participants also engaged in active discussions on useful applications of national food safety indicators. Participants suggested that FAO develop a technical tool that can be used as a guide for competent authorities to define their own national food safety indicators. The tool is planned to be piloted in several countries in the region to verify the usefulness of the 1) guidance tool, and 2) applications that the national food safety indicators are aimed at.