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ArticleKorea-Indonesia peatland restoration cooperation: Challenges and opportunities to recover degraded peatland ecosystem in Londerang peat protected forest
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Indonesia harbors around 24 million hectares of peatland or approximately 23% of the world’s tropical peat ecosystem. Some of them can be found in Londerang Peat Protected Forest that belongs to Jambi Province which has suffered from the repeated forest and land fires that were recorded both in 2015 and 2019. Several concerns have arisen from this disaster, including the degradation of the peatland ecosystem and wide-ranging socio-economic issues at the regional, national, and international level, and raising concerns from the global society. In response to these issues and to strengthen the international cooperation between the Government of the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Indonesia, both parties established joint cooperation titled “Restoration of Burnt Peatland in Jambi”. The project was carried out through several activities. To maintain the groundwater table, the hydrological function is restored by constructing canal blocking and water table monitoring system. Revegetation is carried out by planting native peatland species with a high survival rate. Ten villages were revitalized in order to improve their socio-economic welfare by encouraging active participation from local communities. In addition, a peatland education center was built to raise public awareness about the significance of the peatland ecosystem. This paper aims to identify the challenges and opportunities of the Korea-Indonesia peatland restoration project in Jambi province. Qualitative descriptive approach was used along with literature study. The result showed that active participation and effective communication between all stakeholders played a huge role in the successful implementation of international forestry cooperation. Keywords: peatland restoration, international cooperation, Korea, Indonesia ID: 3623058 -
DocumentSmall-scale timber plantations for rural household livelihoods: Case study of Acacia timber production and commercialization system in central Vietnam
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Rural poverty alleviation implies economic development at local levels to which forests contribute to different extents. Smallholder-managed timber plantations form the backbone of wood supply in Vietnam. Of the planted tree species, Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium) hybrid is one of the most preferred by timber growers. Yet, the contribution of these timber plantations to rural livelihoods is currently unknown.
This study explores the impacts of Acacia timber production and trade on rural livelihoods in Thua Thien Hue province, where the tree species has been cultivated widely since approximately 20 years. 300 household heads in Nam Dong and Phu Loc district were interviewed, following a stratified random sampling approach. We employed a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics to examine the contribution of Acacia hybrid timber income to household economies. In addition, three Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measures and the Gini decomposition method were used to evaluate the effects of income from timber plantations on poverty and income inequality. The findings were validated in group discussions, key informant interviews and direct observations.
The results demonstrated that Acacia hybrid timber plantations accounted for 33-56% of total annual household income. However, more wealthy households benefitted more from Acacia timber income especially in case of a well-developed market. Livelihood diversification using timber production notably reduced all three poverty indices in both districts. Given its highest share of total Gini and positive marginal effect on total Gini, Acacia timber income was the main contributor to the overall income inequality. While this income source reduced the Gini coefficient by 0.7% in Nam Dong, it increased Gini coefficient by 18% in Phu Loc district. Recommendations refer to improving the contribution of Acacia hybrid timber plantations to rural livelihoods. Keywords: Human health and well-being, Sustainable forest management, Landscape management, Governance, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3477875 -
ArticleCase study of national timber legality systems as global efforts to prevent illegal logging
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global society has been putting efforts together to prevent forests from rampant deforestation and illegal logging worldwide since sustainability is a common goal for the Earth. At the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) called Rio+10, global efforts of timber importing countries and private sectors to restrain illegal logging were discussed in 2002. As a market instrument to eradicate illegal logging, timber legality systems in consumer countries have been implemented, starting with the United States since 2008, the European Union (EU) since 2013, Indonesia since 2016, Australia since 2017, Japan since 2018, and the Republic of Korea since 2019. In the implementation stage of the timber legality, the due diligence system plays a role in reducing the risk of illegally logged timber in a supply chain. This study investigated the due diligence system of Australian timber legality as a good practice and analyzed it according to the standard of risk management of International Standard Organization (ISO) consisting of 1) risk identification, 2) risk analysis, 3) risk assessment, 4) risk treatment, and 5) monitoring and review. As a result, the due diligence system of Australia was compatible with the risk management criteria of ISO. The timber legality in Australia was established based on relevant laws and regulations. Its system stepwise was composed of risk assessment and mitigation as well as risk identification and analysis of illegal logging possibility in accordance with origins and species. Eventually, this study clarified the structure of due diligence systems and evaluated the crucial points of these systems based on standards of ISO risk management. Results of this study will contribute to our understanding of timber legality towards sustainable development. Keywords: International Standard Organization (ISO), Timber Legality System, Due Diligence, Risk Management ID: 3623617
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