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Enhancing Developing Countries’ Capacities to Manage their National Phytosanitary Systems - GCP/INT/291/CPR









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    Enhancement of the National Phytosanitary System - TCP/UKR/3803 2025
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    Ukraine is one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of grain, ranking among the top five global grain exporters with over 45 million tonnes of grain supplied annually to international markets. Key importers include Egypt and Indonesia for wheat, China for barley and China and the European Union (EU) for corn. The Ukrainian government is committed to fostering economic growth by maintaining and expanding grain and plant product exports. However, the presence of pests poses significant challenges to exports, as insufficient phytosanitary systems can hinder market access, while effective measures are crucial for meeting importing countries’ requirements. Plant protection is vital in ensuring that exported plants and plant products comply with phytosanitary standards, preventing the spread of pests through international trade. This task has become increasingly complex due to the effects of climate change, which exacerbate the spread of plant pests and diseases. Ukraine has faced export challenges, including detections of ergot in wheat and seeds of quarantine weeds like ambrosia in grain shipments. In 2020, Ukraine received 306 notifications of non-compliance with phytosanitary import requirements, primarily due to pest detection.
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    Factsheet
    Support for the Enhancement of National Plant Pest Surveillance and Phytosanitary Certification Systems - TCP/RER/3705 2022
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    For Armenia, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine, plant protection in agriculture and forestry is important for food safety and economic development Not only do plants ensure sustainable nutrition for society, but they also support international trade in plants or plant products As plants are hosts for many pests, international trade is inherently associated with risks of pest introduction and spread National phytosanitary systems based on the International Plant Protection Convention ( and International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures ( aim at reducing those risks Even though the ISPMs are available on the website of the IPPC, National Plant Protection Organizations ( often have insufficient knowledge of them In practice, this may translate into difficulties in discussions with other NPPOs, especially on trade related issues Moreover, as ISPMs are revised and updated, especially to reflect new scientific achievements, periodic training is necessary to keep NPPOs and their officers informed about recent developments The main objective of this project was to enhance the capacities of the national phytosanitary systems operated by the NPPOs of the recipient countries to better prevent the risks associated with the introduction and spread of pests that can occur through international trade in plants and plant products Among the key elements of national phytosanitary systems are surveillance systems, which enable reliable determination of the presence or absence of pests in the territories or parts of territories of countries, early detection of newly introduced pests and determination of areas of their spread within the country Monitoring surveys are used to verify the characteristics of pest populations within countries, enabling timely reaction and the prevention of economic damage to crops The project built the capacities of the NPPOs in the participating countries on the identification of pests and on phytosanitary certificates through the delivery of training sessions These were based on international standards adopted under the IPPC, which provide guidance for NPPOs around the world on the harmonization of their actions to combat plant pests for international trade in plants and plant products.
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    Technical Support for Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation and Establishment of Plant Health Clinics to Improve Agricultural Production and Productivity - TCP/NAM/3903 2025
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    Due to a compounding number of factors, including increased trade activities and climate change, Namibia has recently experienced an invasion of new species of plant pests and diseases. This causes damage that ultimately contributes to reduced agricultural production and productivity in the country. With the implementation of trade agreements and the resulting increase in the flow of fruits, vegetables, and propagative plant materials across national borders, Namibia’s susceptibility to plant pests and diseases has increased. In addition, the growing consumption of and demand for fresh fruit and vegetables and the continuous growth of propagative plant materials has led to the need for the agricultural sector to strengthen its efforts to integrate plant health and management programmes. The increasingly observed phenomenon of climate change has also contributed to the situation, worsening the impact on plant health and affecting plant pests’ epidemiology and distribution. As a result of rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns, the impact of climate change is expected to further accelerate the introduction and spread of plant pest species. This global shift could increase the risks of pest establishment due to the creation of conducive conditions under which pests develop and thrive.

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    Food loss analysis: causes and solutions – The Republic of Uganda. Beans, maize, and sunflower studies 2019
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    This report illustrates the food loss assessment studies undertaken along the maize, sunflower and beans supply chains in Uganda in 2015-16 and 2016-17. They aimed to identify the critical loss points in the selected supply chains, the key stages at which food losses occur, why they occur, the extent and impact of food losses and the economic, social and environmental implications of the food losses. Furthermore, these studies also evaluated the feasibility of potential interventions to reduce food losses and waste.
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    Joint Programme on Gender Transformative Approaches for Food Security and Nutrition
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    2023
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    The 'JP GTA - 2022 In Review' offers a snapshot of the milestones, achievements and activities of the Joint Programme over the course of the past year, with links to articles, publications and event recordings. The report is structured along the four pillars of the JP GTA, with sections focusing on knowledge generation, country-level activities, capacity development and learning, and policy support and institutional engagement. The page on 'knowledge generation' offers an overview of resources published or facilitated by the JP GTA in 2022. Under 'country-level activities' readers will find a summary of the key activities and achievements of the Joint Programme in Ecuador and Malawi. The section on 'capacity development and learning' delves into the JP GTA’s initiatives to share lessons from the Programme and build colleagues' and partners' knowledge and skills. The final pages on 'policy support and institutional engagement' highlight major global and corporate initiatives supported by the JP GTA.
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    Latin America and the Caribbean - Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2023
    Statistics and trends
    2023
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    The 2023 edition of the Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Latin America and the Caribbean presents an update of the data and trends in food security and nutrition in recent years. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the climate crisis and the conflict in Ukraine, as well as the economic slowdown, rising food inflation and income inequality have had an impact on regional figures. The most recent data shows that, between 2021 and 2022, progress was made in reducing hunger and food insecurity in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, the progress achieved is far from the targets established to meet SDG 2 of ending hunger. In addition, one in five people in the region cannot access a healthy diet and malnutrition in all its forms, including child stunting, micronutrient deficiencies and obesity continue to be a major challenge.