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ProjectFactsheetEnhancing Developing Countries’ Capacities to Manage their National Phytosanitary Systems - GCP/INT/291/CPR 2024
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No results found.With rapid globalization, international travel and trade have reached unprecedented levels, increasing the movement of people and goods across borders. Along with these movements, organisms that pose risks to plant health also spread globally. In this context, it is crucial for developing countries to have the capacity to manage their national phytosanitary systems, ensuring sustainable food systems, trade, and economic growth while preventing the global spread of plant pests and diseases. The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), established in 1952, is an international plant health agreement aimed at safeguarding both cultivated and wild plants from the introduction and spread of pests. The IPPC Secretariat, hosted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, includes 185 contracting parties. The objectives of the project, “Strengthening the Capacity of Developing Contracting Parties to Implement the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) under the FAO-China South-South Cooperation (SSC) Framework”, were to provide an effective platform for the IPPC to disseminate information, share knowledge, and address key issues related to plant health and climate change adaptation, coping strategies, policies, best practices, and lessons learned. -
ProjectFactsheetSupport for the Enhancement of National Plant Pest Surveillance and Phytosanitary Certification Systems - TCP/RER/3705 2022
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No results found.For Armenia, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine, plant protection in agriculture and forestry is important for food safety and economic development Not only do plants ensure sustainable nutrition for society, but they also support international trade in plants or plant products As plants are hosts for many pests, international trade is inherently associated with risks of pest introduction and spread National phytosanitary systems based on the International Plant Protection Convention ( and International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures ( aim at reducing those risks Even though the ISPMs are available on the website of the IPPC, National Plant Protection Organizations ( often have insufficient knowledge of them In practice, this may translate into difficulties in discussions with other NPPOs, especially on trade related issues Moreover, as ISPMs are revised and updated, especially to reflect new scientific achievements, periodic training is necessary to keep NPPOs and their officers informed about recent developments The main objective of this project was to enhance the capacities of the national phytosanitary systems operated by the NPPOs of the recipient countries to better prevent the risks associated with the introduction and spread of pests that can occur through international trade in plants and plant products Among the key elements of national phytosanitary systems are surveillance systems, which enable reliable determination of the presence or absence of pests in the territories or parts of territories of countries, early detection of newly introduced pests and determination of areas of their spread within the country Monitoring surveys are used to verify the characteristics of pest populations within countries, enabling timely reaction and the prevention of economic damage to crops The project built the capacities of the NPPOs in the participating countries on the identification of pests and on phytosanitary certificates through the delivery of training sessions These were based on international standards adopted under the IPPC, which provide guidance for NPPOs around the world on the harmonization of their actions to combat plant pests for international trade in plants and plant products. -
ProjectProgramme / project reportTechnical Support for Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation and Establishment of Plant Health Clinics to Improve Agricultural Production and Productivity - TCP/NAM/3903 2025
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No results found.Due to a compounding number of factors, including increased trade activities and climate change, Namibia has recently experienced an invasion of new species of plant pests and diseases. This causes damage that ultimately contributes to reduced agricultural production and productivity in the country. With the implementation of trade agreements and the resulting increase in the flow of fruits, vegetables, and propagative plant materials across national borders, Namibia’s susceptibility to plant pests and diseases has increased. In addition, the growing consumption of and demand for fresh fruit and vegetables and the continuous growth of propagative plant materials has led to the need for the agricultural sector to strengthen its efforts to integrate plant health and management programmes. The increasingly observed phenomenon of climate change has also contributed to the situation, worsening the impact on plant health and affecting plant pests’ epidemiology and distribution. As a result of rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns, the impact of climate change is expected to further accelerate the introduction and spread of plant pest species. This global shift could increase the risks of pest establishment due to the creation of conducive conditions under which pests develop and thrive.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
BookletCorporate general interestFAOSTYLE: English 2024The objective of having a house style is to ensure clarity and consistency across all FAO publications. Now available in HTML, this updated edition of FAOSTYLE: English covers matters such as punctuation, units, spelling and references. All FAO staff, consultants and contractors involved in writing, reviewing, editing, translating or proofreading FAO texts and information products in English should use FAOSTYLE, together with the practical guidance on processes and layout questions provided in Publishing at FAO – strategy and guidance.